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AANIYA PATH > Aani Micro: STIs > Flashcards

Aani Micro: STIs Flashcards

1
Q

Painless genital ulcer?

A

Syphilis or LGV (lymphogranuloma verenum)

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2
Q

Painful genital ulcer?

A

Herpes or Chancroid

herpes = lots of ulcers

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3
Q

What is Chancroid (+cause?)

A

Chancroid is a bacterial sexually transmitted disease (STD) caused by infection with Haemophilus ducreyi.

painful single ulcer
tender lymph nodes

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4
Q

Gram - diplococci?

A

Gonorrhoea

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5
Q

Gram + diplococci?

A

Strep Pneumonia

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6
Q

Symptoms if gonorrhoea is passed to child during birth?

A

Opthalmia Neonatorum - conjunctivitis.

+ Pharyngitis + Pneumonia

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7
Q

Treatment of Gonorrhoea?

A

IM Ceftriaxone 500mg
+
ORAL Azithromycin 1g

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8
Q

Treatment of resistant Gonorrhoea?

A

Spectinomycin IM 2g single dose

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9
Q

Gold standard diagnosis of Gonorrhoea?

A

Produce culture from rectal or urethral smear

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10
Q

Which smear is more sensitive for Gonorrhoea - rectal or urethral?

A

urethral - 95%

Rectal 20%

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11
Q

Which pt groups are at high risk of v bad gonorrohoea?

A

Pts with complement deficiencies - disseminated infection - septicaemia/rash/arthritis

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12
Q

What are the features of complicated Gonorrhoea infection in men?

A

Prostitis

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13
Q

What are the features of complicated Gonorrhoea infection in women?

A

PID –> Perihepatitis

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14
Q

how do you treat children with gonorrhea infection?

A

Topical Abx e.g. Erythromycin

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15
Q

Which groups get rectal proctitis from gonorrhoea?

A

MSM

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16
Q

What gram stain is Chlamydia?

A

Gram -

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17
Q

What organism causes Chlamydia?

A

Chlamydia Trachomatis

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18
Q

Which age group get Chlamydia more often?

A

Young, <25 years

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19
Q

Which serovars of chlamydia cause blindness?

A

A,B,C, (cause Trachomas)

Song: ABC, trachomas now I cant see

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20
Q

Which serovars of chlamydia cause genital infection ?

A

D, K

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21
Q

What do Chlamydia serovars D and K cause?

A

Genital infection and also Opthalmia Neonatorum in babies

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22
Q

What is Reiter’s syndrome?

A

Conjunctivitis
Reactive Arthritis
Urethritis

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23
Q

Gold standard for Chlamydia diagnosis?

A

NAAT Nucleic acid amplification test

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24
Q

What are the 2 forms of Chlamydia (in diff growth cycles)?

A 
Elementary Bodies (extracellular) 
Reticulate particles (intracellular)
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25
Q

Treatment of uncomplicated Chlamydia?

A

Azithromycin 1g stat

Doxyclicline 100mg BD 1 week

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26
Q

What do you give for Chlamydia in pregnancy?

A

Azithromycin 1g stat

Erythromycin (don’t give Doxy- causes bone disturbances and teeth decolouration)

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27
Q

What is LGV?

A

Lymphogranuloma Vereneum
Lymphatic infection with Chlamydia Trachomatis

single painless ulcer with tender lymph nodes

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28
Q

Which Chalmydia serovars cause lgv

A

IL1 IL2 IL3

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29
Q

What are the stages in LGV disease?

A

primary- painless ulcers
secondary - becomes painful, fever etc
tertiary - abscess, inguinal LNs, lymphorroids

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30
Q

What is the diagnosis of LGV?

A

NAAT and then PCR to confirm

Genotypical identification of serovars IL1-3

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31
Q

Treatment of LGV?

A

Doxycycline 100mg BD 3 weeks

and erythro/azithro

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32
Q

Which organism causes Syphilis?

A

Treponema Pallidum

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33
Q

What does Syphilis look like microscopically?

A

gram Neg Spirochaete

34
Q

How do you test for Syphilis?

A

Treponemal or Non treponemal Ab tests.

Non-trep Abs include LIPOIDAL Abs made against antigens released by damaged cells

35
Q

What are the clinical phases of Syphilis infection?

A

Primary
Secondary
Latent
Tertiary

36
Q

Describe primary Syphilis

A

Weeks - painless ulcer

37
Q

Describe secondary Syphilis

A

Months - condylomata acuminata lata, oral ulcers, fever, malaise, maculopapular rash basically everywhere (back/feet/palms)
Some neurological involvement e.g. optic neuritis

38
Q

Describe Tertiary Syphilis

A

Years - cardio, neuro, gumma granuloma (growth).
Cardio - arotic inflam
Neuro -insanity, ataxia, Argyll-Robertson-Pupil (Accom reflex present, pupil reflex absent) - constrict with distance but not light

39
Q

Describe Latent Syphilis

A

No symptoms but positive serology

40
Q

How do you treat Syphilis ?

A

Single Dose Benzathine penicillin

41
Q

Side effect of Syphilis treatment?

A

Jarisch Heimer Reaction (fever,headache, myalgia, exaggerated syphilis symptoms)

42
Q

Which organism causes Chancroid?

A

Haemophilus Ducreyi

43
Q

What gram stain/shape is it?

A

Gram Neg coccobacillus

44
Q

What gram stain is Klebsiella Granulomatis?

A

Gram Neg Bacillus

45
Q

What does Klebsiella Granulomatis cause?

A

Donovanosis

46
Q

What are the clinical features of Donovanosis?

A

Beefy Red ulcers (Don is red and beefy, going out with Giemsa)

47
Q

How do you diagnosis Donovanosis?

A

Giemsa Stain - will see Donovan Bodies

48
Q

Tx of donovanosis?

A

Azithramycin

49
Q

What organism causes molluscum contagiosum in adults?

A

HIV (until proven otherwise)

50
Q

RFs for molluscum contagiosum?

A

Sex
Swimming
Eczema

51
Q

Describe Trichomoniasis Vaginalis organism?

A

Flaggelated protozoan

52
Q

What will the vagina look like when infected with Trichomonas Vaginalis?

A

Strawberry Cervix

53
Q

Describe the discharge in Trichomonas Vaginalis?

A

Green/yellow

Smelly

54
Q

Treatment for Trichomonas Vaginalis?

A

Metronidazole

55
Q

Bacterial Vaginosis organism?

A

Gardenrella Vaginalis

56
Q

Treatment for Bacterial Vaginosis?

A

Metronidazole 5-7 days

57
Q

Diagnosing Bacterial Vaginosis? (Ix?)

A

High pH
Clue Cells
Whiff Test

58
Q

Diagnosing Trichomonas Vaginalis?

A

Wet Prep microscopy - flagellated football shaped

59
Q

Candidiasis cause?

A

Candida Albicans

60
Q

Candida symptoms?

A

Thick white discharge, itchy, sore, red

61
Q

Treatment for Candida?

A

Clotrimazole
Fluconazole

It’s thick so it clots.

62
Q

What kind of genetic material does Molluscum contageosum have?

A

POX virus dsDNA

63
Q

Which age group are most affected by Molluscum Contageosum?

A

90% less than 15 years old

64
Q

Treatment of Molluscum?

A

Cryotherapy

65
Q

Another term for Genital Warts?

A

Condylomata Acuminata

66
Q

Which organism causes genital warts? (and strain)?

A

HPV Strain 6 & 11

67
Q

Trearment for Genital Warts?

A

Podophilotoxin (not for pregnant ladies)
Cryotherapy
Imiquimod

68
Q

Which HPV types are oncogenic?

A

16 and 18

69
Q

What causes Pityriasis Versicolour?

A

Yeast called Malassezia (mala says ya to decolouring)

70
Q

Features of pityriasis Versicolour?

A

Small patches of skin to become scaly and discoloured.

71
Q

Treatment of Pityriasis Versicolour?

A

Ketokonazole

72
Q

How to diagnose Fungal infections?

A

Woods lamps (black light)

73
Q

Types of tinea?

A

Athletes foot

Ring worm

74
Q

Superficial fungal infections?

A

Tinea and Pityriasis Versicolour

75
Q

Deep fungal infections?

A

Candida
Aspergillus
Cryptococcus

76
Q

Which types of cryptococcus causes cryptococcus meningitis?

A

Cryptococcus Neoformans

Cryptococcus Gattii

77
Q

Which part of the fungus does this antifungal target?

Azoles

A

Cell Membrane Synthesis

An Azole (asshole) is building a wall(membrane)- Trump

78
Q

Which part of the fungus does this antifungal target?

Polyene

A

Cell membrane integrity

Poly has integrity

79
Q

Which part of the fungus does this antifungal target?

Terbinafine

A

Cell membrane

‘thats a Terble Fine membrane

80
Q

Which part of the fungus does this antifungal target?

Flucytosine

A

DNA synthesis

Making the DNA was a fluke (fluc)

81
Q

Which part of the fungus does this antifungal target?

Achinocandin

A

Cell Wall

Chino (cat) sat on the wall

AANIYA PATH (35 decks)

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