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AANIYA PATH > Aani Micro: GI & UTIs > Flashcards

Aani Micro: GI & UTIs Flashcards

1
Q

Where does Salmonella Multiply?

A

In the Peyer’s Patch

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2
Q

Tx of Salmonella?

A

Ceftriaxone or cipro

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3
Q

What special sign do you get with Salmonella typhi?

A

Rose Spots

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4
Q

What are 3 types of salmonella?

A

Typhi
Paratyphi
Enteritides

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5
Q

Which people get Giardia?

A

Travellers/hikers
MSM
Mental hospital
Playgroup

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6
Q

Describe Giardia ?

A

Pear shaped trophozoites with 2 nuclei (found in stool)

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7
Q

Describe the symptoms of Giardia?

A

Non-bloody but SMELLY diarrhoea

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8
Q

Which groups get Entamoeba hystolica?

A

MSM

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9
Q

Describe Entamoeba hystolica?

A

4 nuclei

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10
Q

Tx of entamoeba?

A

Metronidazole

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11
Q

Tx of Giardia ?

A

Metronidazole

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12
Q

Which stain do you do for cryptosporidium? What do you see?

A

Modified Kinyoun acid fast: see oocytes

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13
Q

Tx for cryptosporidium?

A

Paromomycin

nitazoxinide in non immuno compromised

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14
Q

Viral causes of GI disease?

A 
RAN PE
Rotavirus
Adenovirus
Norovirus
Polio
Enterovirus
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15
Q

What kind of diarrhoea is caused by viruses?

A

Secretory

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16
Q

Describe rotavirus?

A

Secretory
Wheel like
Seen in kids <6y/o

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17
Q

Describe adenovirus?

A

Secretory
Seen in kids<2y/o
Types 40 and 41

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18
Q

Describe norovirus?

A

Secretory
Adults
Low infection dose needed

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19
Q

Which toxins are seen in Vibrio Cholera?

A

Enterotoxin A and B subunits invade the small bowel

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20
Q

Describe symptoms of Vibrio Cholera?

A

MASSIVE watery diarrhoea/secretory
Rice water stool
Caught from shell fish/human faeces

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21
Q

Treatment of Vibrio Cholera?

A

Dupportive/rehydration

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22
Q

Which vibrios are there?

A

Cholera
Parahaemolyticus
Vulnificus

23
Q

Treatment of different Vibrio types?

A

Cholera - supportive
Parahaemolyticus - Doxy
Vulnificus - Doxy

24
Q

Where is Vibrio parahaemolyticus found?

A

Oyesters/sea food- common in Japan

25
Q

What is the shape of Vibrio?

A

Comma Shaped

26
Q

What is the shape of Listeria monocytogens?

A

L and V

louis vitton has listeria

27
Q

Describe the symptoms of campylobacter?

A

Headache/fever prodrome
Bloody diarrhoea
+ foul smelling

28
Q

Which conditions are associated with campylobacter?

A 
GBS
Reactive arthritis (Reiter's syndrome)
29
Q

What is the Tx of Campylobacter?

A

Cipro/Erythro

30
Q

What is the tx of Listeria?

A

Ampicillin

31
Q

Which GI infections are anaerobic?

A

Clostridium: Difficult Breathing Pattern:
Clostridium Difficile
Botulinum
Perfringes

32
Q

Which GI infections are aerobic?

A

Bacilus Cereus

Staph A

33
Q

Which GI infections are lactose fermenting?

A 
E.Coli 5 types;
EHEC
HUS
ETEC
EPEC
EIEC
34
Q

Which GI infections are non lactose fermenting?

A

Yes Sir Salmon
Yersinia
Salmonella
Shigella

35
Q

Which strain of E.Coli causes haemorrhagic E.Coli?

A

0157

36
Q

Which strain of E.Coli causes HUS?

A

0157:H7

37
Q

Describe B.Cereus

A

Gram positive rods
Superantigen
Watery diarrhoea
Self limiting

38
Q

Describe Staph A

A 
Protein A 
Gram positive tetrads
B haemolytic in agar
Watery diarrhoea
Self Limiting
39
Q

Describe Shigella?

A

Bloody diarrhoea

Shiga enterotocin makes O antigens

40
Q

Describe botulinum?

A

Blocks Ach release so paralytic: descending paralysis (unlike GBS which is ascending)
Ingestion of pre-formed toxins

41
Q

Treatment for botulinum?

A

Antitoxins

42
Q

Treatment for C.Diff?

A

ORAL Metronidazole or Vanc

43
Q

Treatment for Perfringes?

A

Self limiting or bowel resection

44
Q

Describe Yersinia?

A

Prefers cold temps- refrigerated food, below 4 degrees

45
Q

Why do you get C.Diff?

A

Often cos of Abx - especially 3Cs:

cephalosporins, clindamycin and Ciprofloxacin. This happens cos C.Diff already exists in normal gut flora

46
Q

What are the symptoms of C.Diff?

A

Pseudomembranous Colitis

47
Q

Gram stain of MRSA?

A

Neg

48
Q

Gram stain of E.Coli?

A

Neg

49
Q

Common organisms that cause hosp acquired UTIs?

A 
E.Coli
Proteus
Klebsiella
Pseudomonas
Stephylococcus Saprophyticus
50
Q

When will you categorise something as hospital acquired infection?

A

If they get it more than 48 hours after hospital admission

51
Q

Investigating UTIs?

A

Urine dip: will show leucocytes and nitrates
Do MSU
Pyuria (pus in urine)

52
Q

Treatment of UTIs?

A

Trimethoprim
Nitrofurantoin
OR if pyelonephritis: Co-Amoxiclav + Gentamycin

53
Q

What gram stain organisms usually cause UTIs?

A

gram Neg Rods

AANIYA PATH (35 decks)

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