A&P chapter 8 - nervous system Flashcards
what are the 3 functions of the nervous system
- detect changes and feel sensations 2. initiate appropriate responses to changes 3. organize information for immediate use and store it for future use
what are the 2 divisions of the nervous system
CNS and peripheral nervous system
what are nerve cells called
neurons or nerve fibers
what are dendrites and axons
dendrites processes that transmit electrical impulses toward the cell body. axons transmit impulses AWAY from the cell body
what are Schwann cells
specialized cells that wrap around axons and dendrites to form the myelin sheath
what is MS
multiple sclerosis is a demyelinating disease that involves deterioration of the myelin sheath in the CNS.
Parkinson’s usually begins after age ____
60
what is synapse
the space between the axon of one neuron and the dendrites or cell body of the next neuron
what do neurotransmitters do
carries the impulse across a synapse and is then destroyed by a chemical inactivator or absorbed
what does the medulla do
regulates the vital functions of heart rate, breathing, and BP. regulates reflexes of coughing, sneezing, swallowing and vomiting
how many ventricles are there in the brain
4
what is the pons
part of the brain, contains respiratory centers that work with those in the medulla
what does the midbrain do
contains centers for visual reflexes, auditory reflexes, and righting (equilibrium) reflexes
what does the cerebellum do
regulates coordination of voluntary movement, muscle tone, stopping movements, and equilibrium, contributes to sensations involving texture and weight
what does the hypothalamus produce/do
ADH, oxytocin, releasing hormones that regulate the secretions of the pituitary, regulates body temp, regulates food intake, integrates functioning of the autonomic nervous system (ANS) and promotes visceral response to emotional situations, acts as a biological clock that regulates body rhythms
