Unit 2 Research Method Flashcards

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1
Q

What’s “Proximity”?

A

Physically close together

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2
Q

What’s the “Mere Exposure Effect”?

A

The more you see it the more you like it.

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3
Q

What’s “Hindsight Bias”?

A

gathering past info & overestimating themselves to predict current event. “I knew it all along”

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4
Q

What’s “illusory correlation”?

A

“coincidence” 2 things unrelated

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5
Q

What’s “Theory”?

A

Set of ideas that have been tested w/ explanations

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6
Q

What’s a “Hypothesis” & “Replication”?

A

a scientific prediction.

Redo your study

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7
Q

What are the 4 Types of Research?

What are the 2 categories of Research?

A
  • Case Study, Natural Observation, Survey, Experiment.

- Descriptive/correlational Studies (no cause/effect) & Experiments (cause/effect)

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8
Q

What’s a “Case Study”?

Good & Bad?

A

studying one person/small group.

-Learn about one person, but can’t generalize

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9
Q

What’s “Natural Observation”?

Good & Bad?

A

studying a subject in their natural surrounding.

  • Results are authentic & Realistic.
  • Hawthorne Effect, Confirmation Bias
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10
Q

What’s the “Hawthorne Effect” & “Confirmation Bias”?

A
  • Subjects act differently when they know they’re being observed.
  • We tend to see what we want to see.
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11
Q

What’s a “Survey”?

Good & Bad?

A
  • Answering Q/A about a particular subject.
  • Cheap & quick
  • Social Desirability Bias & Response Set
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12
Q

What’s “Social Desirability Bias” & “Response Set”?

A
  • People often lie in order to look good

- Answering in some sort of pattern.

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13
Q

What an “Experiment”?

Good & Bad?

A

the investigation in which hypotheses are scientifically tested. (Cause & Effect)

  • More info & non-descriptive
  • takes money, time, participants, can be unethical
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14
Q

Experimental vs. Control Group.

A

Ex G. has the Independent v. while Con G. stays the same

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15
Q

Independent vs. Dependent v.

A
In= being manipulated
De= affected by the change (results)
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16
Q

What’s an “Operational Definition”?

A

make variables measurable so they can be replicated.

17
Q

What are the Ethics of an Experiment?

A

subjects/participants = volunteers, need informed consent, Confidential
Debrief(explain) especially if they use deception(lie)

18
Q

What’s a “Placebo Effect”?

A

expecting that something might happen/follow.

19
Q

What’s “Random assignment”?

A

randomly assign participants into different groups

20
Q

What’s a “Single-blind Procedure”?

A

Participants don’t know who in what group.

21
Q

What’s a “Double-blind Procedure”?

A

Both Participants and Experimenters don’t know who’s in what group.

22
Q

What’s “Experimenter Bias”?

A

Experimenters sometimes give unintentional cues that affect the subject’s behavior.

23
Q

What’s “Sampling Bias”?

A

when sample doesn’t represent your population.

24
Q

What’s “Random Selection”

A

Survey where you need samples