9.3 Liberalism Core Ideas - Freedom/Liberty Flashcards
CLASSICAL LIBERALISM - FREEDOM/LIBERTY
CLASSICAL LIBERALISM - FREEDOM/LIBERTY
What is a John Locke quote about freedom and the law?
‘When there is no law there is no liberty’
What did Locke argue freedom was?
A natural right
What did Locke believe it was the role of state to protect?
A man’s right to ‘life, liberty and state’
What did Locke believe the state was needed for?
To enforce order, protect property rights and prevent breach of contracts and fraud
What did Locke argue in favour of?
A state constructed by social contract where individuals are governed by consent
What is the idea of the social contract?
The state is based on a contract between the government and the people, the government agrees to make itself accountable to the people and to operate within the law
What type of economics did John Locke believe should be practiced?
The ‘laissez-faire’ capitalism advocated by Adam Smith in ‘The Wealth of Nations’ (1776)
What are J.S. Mill’s two ideas in regards to freedom/liberty?
- Advocated freedom of speech, thought and religion, unless they pose a direct threat to others (negative freedom)
- Individuals should be free from interference even if this means they are harming themselves
What is classical liberalism’s conception of freedom?
Atomistic - there is no ‘common good’ or ‘public interest’
MODERN LIBERALISM - FREEDOM/LIBERTY
MODERN LIBERALISM - FREEDOM/LIBERTY
What did JS Mill advocate which was a more modern liberal approach?
He advocated that the state had a moral right to educate individuals
Instead of society being atomistic, what did TH Green argue it was?
Green argued that society was organic - there was a common good and that public interest coexisted with individual interests
What type of freedom did TH Green support?
Positive freedom - allows individuals to achieve their aspirations by the state assisting their development
What type of state did John Rawls argue for?
An ‘enabling’ state
