9.1 Study Guide

Question 1

Golgi apparatus

Answer 1

Package and distribute cells

Question 2

Vesicles

Answer 2

Carry materials between cell compartments or out of cell

Question 3

Cell membrane

Answer 3

Protective barrier
controls what gets in/out

Question 4

Nucleus

Answer 4

Stores DNA
location of transcription

Question 5

Cytoskeleton

Answer 5

Give cell shape/structure
keep organelles in place

Question 6

Mitochondria

Answer 6

Break down molecules to get energy in form of ATP

Question 7

Ribosomes

Answer 7

Translate mRNA to make proteins

Question 8

ER

Answer 8

Smooth: make lipids
Rough: make proteins

Question 9

Lysosomes

Answer 9

Breaks down unneeded proteins

Question 10

Get rid of waste

Answer 10

Animal: Digestive enzymes are lysosomes
Plant: Digestive enzymes are vacuoles
ALL: - cells turn waste to new molecules, burn to energy, or get rid of them
- small waste products leave through cell membrane
- enzymes digest and break down waste

Question 11

Set of instructions

Answer 11

Eukaryotic: DNA held in the nucleus
ALL: - DNA holds all info for building a living thing
- contain genes that are instructions
- DNA holds info needed to copy itself and pass on instructions to make more cells

Question 12

Way to read instructions

Answer 12

Eukaryotic: - other proteins get pushed to ER, which gets taken to golgi
- some proteins made in cytoplasm
Prokaryotic: other proteins scatter throughout the cell, no golgi pr vesicles
ALL: Cell copies gene and join w/ribosome
Ribosome decodes message
Proteins join cytoskeleton

Question 13

Container

Answer 13

ALL: Cell membrane with proteins that control what goes in/out
Plant: cell wall
Prokaryotic: 2nd membrane/wall
Eukaryotic: organelles

Question 14

Way to use/get energy

Answer 14

ALL: energy from ATP
Enzymes convert fuel to ATP
Prokaryotic: no mitochondria
Eukaryotic: mitochondria break sugar down
Plants: chloroplast
Plants/some bacteria: photosynthesis