7.2 Study Guide

Question 1

A protein that helps chemical reactions occur faster by lowering energy needed

Answer 1

Enzyme

Question 2

Reactant which binds to enzyme

Answer 2

Substrate

Question 3

Where substrate fits into enzyme

Answer 3

Active site

Question 4

Minimum energy required for reaction to occur

Answer 4

Activation energy

Question 5

Properties of enzymes

Answer 5

Reaction specific (only binds particular substrate)
Not consumed in reaction (one enzyme = many reactions)
Made of proteins (sometimes RNA)
Affected by cellular conditions (denatured by certain temps, pH, salinity)

Question 6

Relationship between reaction and enzyme concentration

Answer 6

Higher enzyme concentration = higher enzyme reaction rate
More collisions made due to quicker movement

Question 7

Relationship between reaction and substrate concentration

Answer 7

Higher substrate concentration = higher enzyme reaction rate
More substrate = more successful collisions

Question 8

Relationship between reaction and temperature

Answer 8

“Hill”
More successful collisions at first but enzymes move too fast and denature

Question 9

Relationship between reaction and pH

Answer 9

Too high or too low pH = protein will denature
Too high = too many - hydroxides
Too low = too many + ions

Question 10

Turn enzymes on

Answer 10

Add activators to maintain/change active site to fit substrate

Question 11

Turn enzymes off

Answer 11

Inhibitors reduce enzyme activity
Competitive inhibitor = competes w/ substrate over enzyme
Noncompetitive inhibitor = change enzyme shape to bind to substrate