9.1 Fossil Fuels Flashcards
What is organic chemistry?
The major branch of chemistry that deals with compounds of carbon
What does organic chemistry exclude?
Oxides (CO2) and ionic compounds of carbon based ions
What are examples of carbon based ions
Carbonate, Cyanide, and carbide ions
What is the major source of carbon compounds?
Still living or previously living things such as plants, animals, and fossil fuels
What are examples of nonrenewable sources of fossil fuels?
Coal, Oil sands, heavy oil, crude oil, natural gas
What is the primary source of hydrocarbons?
Non-renewable sources of fossil fuels
What are hydrocarbons?
Compounds containing carbon atoms bonded to hydrogen ions
What are products are hydrocarbons the starting point for?
Fuels, plastics, and synthetic fibres
What are the 2 ways hydrocarbons can be obtained?
Directly by physically refining oil and natural gas or by further refining
What is refining?
The technology that includes physical and chemical processes for separating complex mixtures into simpler or pure components
What type of process does the refining of coal and natural gas use?
Physical processes
How is coal refined?
By crushing it
How is natural gas refined?
It is separated by solvent extraction or by condensation and distillation
What does oil sand refining involve?
Chemically enhanced physical process followed by complex mining of bitumen/tar
How is natural gas extracted?
Natural pressure underground
How is natural gas chemically processed?
Removal of hydrogen sulfide and carbon dioxide at a gas plant
How is natural gas physically processed?
Through condensation and distillation
What are some uses for natural gas?
Heating buildings, source of ethane, propane, and butane
How is coal bed methane extracted?
Water is extracted allowing the coalbed methane to desorb from coal
What is the physical processing of coalbed methane?
Water is removed and disposed of
What is the chemical processing of coalbed methane?
Non-combustibles are removed at a gas plant
What are sample uses for coalbed methane?
Same as natural gas, also production of hydrogen and methanol
How is crude oil extracted?
Water or gas is injected underground
What is the physical processing of crude oil?
Water, sand, and salt removal, then distillation in a tower
