16.1/16.2 Flashcards
What is the equilibrium constant of water called?
Ionization constant for water
What is the ionization constant water?
1.00 x 10^-14
What does Arrhenius’s theory state about acids?
An acid reacts with water to form hydronium ions so that the hydronium ion concentration is larger than 1.00 x 10^-7
What does Arrhenius’s theory state about bases?
A base dissociates to form hydroxide ions or reaction of an ion with a water to form hydroxide ions. The hydroxide ions are greater than 1.0 x10^-7
How do you find the pH of a substance from concentration?
-log[H3O+]
How do you find the pOH of a substance from the concentration?
-log[H3O+]
How is concentration found from pH?
10^-pH
How is concentration found from pOH?
10^-pOH
What is an acid on the pOH scale?
> 7
What is a base on the pOH scale?
<7
What is the formula for the percent reaction of ionization?
[H3O+]/[Acid Concentration] x 100
What is Arrhenius’s Theory about acids?
Acids ionize in water to produce hydrogen ions plus an anion
What is Arrhenius’s Theory about bases?
Bases dissociate in water to produce hydroxide ions plus a cation
What is a limitation of Arrhenius’s theory?
It failed to predict the acidic or basic properties of some compounds
What does modified Arrhenius’s theory state about acids?
Acids are substances that react with water to produce hydronium ions
What does modified Arrhenius’s theory state about bases?
Bases are substances with water to produce hydroxide ions
What does amphoteric mean?
Substances that have both acidic and basic properties
What is a Brønsted-Lowry acid?
The one that donates a proton
What is a Brønsted-Lowry bases?
The one that accepts the proton
How is the base affected by the strength of the acid?
The weaker the acid, the stronger the conjugate base
