9. Peadiatrics Flashcards
What is the order of tooth eruption in the PRIMARY dentition?
A, B, D, C, E
When do teeth first start to erupt?
6 months
When should all primary teeth have erupted by?
2.5 years
What is the order of tooth eruption for the permanent dentition?
6, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 8
When do the first adult teeth develop?
6 years
When should all adult teeth have erupted by?
13 years
What are the 4 preventative measures?
Toothburshing with fluoride toothpaste
Diet advice
Topical fluoride
Fissure sealants
List the AMMOUNT OF toothpaste that should be used:
Smear - under 3’s
Pea - over 3’s
What STRENGTH of toothpaste should be used?
1000-1500ppm - standard risk
1350-1500ppm - increased risk
List the 7 key messages for diet advice:
- Limit sugar intake to mealtimes
- Drink water or milk only
- Snack on low sugar foods
- No eating or drinking after brushing
- Be aware of hidden sugars in food
- Never place sugary drinks in babies bottles
- Be aware of acid content in fizzy drinks
When and how often should topical fluoride be placed?
Sodium fluoride varnish (5%/22600ppm)
- for all children aged 2+
- at least 2x per year
- up to 4x per year
List the 3 contraindications for topical fluoride placement:
Severe asthma
Severe allergies
Allergy to plasters
What is the maximum that should be dispensed when applying fluoride?
0.25ml for 2-5 years
0.4ml for 5+ years
What advice should be given after placing topical fluoride?
No eating or drinking for 30mins
Wait 4 hours before brushing
What are the 2 types of fissure sealants?
Resin
GI
How is a resin fissure sealants placed?
Dry, etch, place, cure
How is a GI fissure sealants placed?
Dry, place,vaseline layer
List 5 methods of caries management in children:
- SDF
- ART
- Hall crowns
- Direct restorations
- Pulpotomy
What does SDF do?
Prevents and arrests caries but stains everything black
What is ART?
Atraumatic Restorative Treatment - involves selective caries removal with hand instruments and placement of a GI restoration
What are hall crowns?
A method of sealing in caries under a preformed metal crown
What is a pulpomtomy?
Removal of the coronal portion of the pulp
How often should radiographs be taken in children?
Every 2 years - for normal risk
6-12 months - for increased risk
What are 3 benefits of fluoride?
- Inhibits demineralisation
- Increases resistance to erosion
- Inhibits bacteria
What is the toxic dose of fluoride?
5mg per kg
What are the signs of fluoride overdose?
Vomiting
GI symptoms
Dental fluorosis
How would you manage a fluoride overdose?
Milk to reduce absorption
Refer to A and E for assessment
What are the 6 contraindications for pulpotomies?
Pre-cooperative child
Multiple teeth requiring
Tooth Exfoliating soon
Root restoration
Unrestoable tooth
Infection present
What is child protection?
Protecting children and young people who have been harmed or at risk of harm
List 3 legislations that relate to child protection:
National guidance for child protection Scotland 2021
GIRFEC policy
Children Scotland act 2020
List 3 places you can go for guidance on child protection issues:
Child protection advice line
Social services
BDA website
