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BDS - Module 9 > 11. Trauma > Flashcards

11. Trauma Flashcards

1
Q

List the 7 types of dental trauma injuries:

A
  1. Enamel infraction
  2. Enamel fracture
  3. Enamel-Dentine Fracture
  4. Enamel-Dentine-Pulp Fracture
  5. Crown-Root fracture without pulp exposure
  6. Crown-Root fracture with pulp exposure
  7. Root Fracture
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2
Q

Enamel Infraction

A

An incomplete fracture of the enamel only

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3
Q

Enamel infraction: signs and symptoms

A

Non tender
No radiographic signs

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4
Q

Enamel fracture

A

A complete fracture of the enamel

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5
Q

Enamel fracture: signs and symptoms

A

Non tender
Positive sensibility test response
Radio graphically visible

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6
Q

Enamel-DentineFracture

A

Fracture of the enamel into dentine

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7
Q

Enamel-dentine fracture: signs and symptoms

A

Not tender
Positive sensibility response
Radiographically visible

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8
Q

Enamel-dentine- pulp fracture: signs and symptoms

A

Non tender
Pulp sensitive to stimuli
Radiographically visible

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9
Q

Crown-Root fracture without pulp involvement: signs and symptoms

A

TTP
coronal portion mobile
Positive sensibility response

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10
Q

Crown-Root fracture with pulp involvement:signs and symptoms

A

TTP
coronal portion mobile

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11
Q

Root Fracture: signs and symptoms

A

Coronal portion mobile
TTP
bleeding
-ve sensibility
Crown couloir change (red/grey)

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12
Q

List the 4 possible traumatic periodontal injuries:

A
  1. Concussion
  2. Subluxation
  3. Luxation (lateral, intrusive, extrusive)
  4. Avulsion
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13
Q

Concusion:

A

Bruising of the socket

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14
Q

Subluxation:

A

Loosening of the tooth in the socket

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15
Q

Luxation:

A

Complete displacement of the tooth in the socket

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16
Q

Avulsion:

A

When the tooth is completely lost from the socket

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17
Q

Concussion: signs and symptoms

A

No displacement
Tooth TTP
normal mobility
No radiographic changes

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18
Q

Subluxation: signs and symptoms

A

No tooth displacement
tooth TTP
Increased mobility
Bleeding
-ve sensibility

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19
Q

Intrusive Luxation: signs and symptoms

A

Immobile tooth
-ve sensibility
Radiographically, loss of PDL

20
Q

Lateral Luxation: signs and symptoms

A

Immobile tooth
-ve sensibility
Radiographically, widened PDL

21
Q

Extrusive Luxation: signs and symptoms

A

Mobile tooth
-ve sensibility
Radiographically, increased PDL space

22
Q

How can dental trauma be prevented?

A

Overjet reduction
Mouth guards

23
Q

What are the 10 steps when managing dental trauma?

A
  1. Assess for signs of head trauma
  2. Assess for other injuries
  3. Assess for any aspirations of teeth
  4. E/O exam
  5. I/O exam
  6. Trauma table
  7. Sensibility tests
  8. Radiographs
  9. Diagnosis
  10. Treatment
24
Q

What are signs of head trauma?

A

Loss of consciousness
Strange behaviours
Vommiting
Visual disturbance

25
Q

What should you asses for E/O after dental trauma occurs?

A

Lacerations
Palpate for fractures
Assess any bruising as this can indicate a fracture

26
Q

What should you assess in an I/O exam after dental trauma?

A

Soft tissues
Hard tissues
Occlusion

27
Q

What are the 8 things assessed in a trauma table?

A
  1. Tooth/teeth involved
  2. Direct colour
  3. Trans colour
  4. Alveolar tenderness
  5. Sinus
  6. TTP
  7. Mobility
  8. Perfusion note
28
Q

What situations would you always extract a primary tooth after trauma?

A

Excessively loose teeth
Teeth that damage permanent tooth
Infection risk teeth
Unrestoable teeth

29
Q

What are the 2 possible treatment options for traumatised primary teeth?

A

XLA or Restore and Monitor

30
Q

In the permanent dentition, if a traumatised tooth is restorable, what should you do?

A

If mobile - splint, restore and review
If non mobile - restore and review

31
Q

What is the aim of a pulpotomy?

A

To remove any infected and inflamed pulpal tissue coronary to maintain the tooth’s vitality

32
Q

What are the 7 steps for a pulpotomy?

A
  1. LA
  2. Rubber dam
  3. Amputate exposed pulp
  4. Arrest bleeding with cotton wool and saline
  5. Dress with calcium hydroxide or MTA
  6. Place a layer of RMGIC and cure
  7. Restore the tooth
33
Q

What is the aim of placing a composite bandage following trauma?

A

To seal over any exposed dentinal tubules to minimise the risk of microbial invasion and prevent sensitivity

34
Q

What is the aim of splinting a tooth?

A

To immobilise a traumatised tooth in the correct anatomical position to prevent further trauma and allow healing to occur.

35
Q

What are the 6 steps when reviewing trauma?

A
  1. Pt hstiory
  2. Symptoms history
  3. Examination: E/O and I/O
  4. Trauma table
  5. Sensibility tests
  6. Radiographs
36
Q

What are 4 common complications of trauma in the PRIMARY dentition?

A
  1. Pulpal necrosis
  2. Pulpal obliteration
  3. Root resorption
  4. Damage to successors
37
Q

What are the 6 common complications following dental trauma in the PERMANENT dentition?

A
  1. Pulpal necrosis
  2. Resorption
  3. Ankylosis
  4. External resorption
  5. Internal resorption
  6. Discolouration
38
Q

Pulpal necrosis: signs and symptoms

A

Persistent grey colour
Tenderness
Sinus
Suppuration
Swelling
PA inflammation

39
Q

Pulpal obliteration: signs and symptoms

A

Yellow/opaque colour
Shrinking pulp chamber

40
Q

Root resorption: signs and symptoms

A

Mobility
Shortened roots

41
Q

Damage to successors: signs and symptoms

A

Hypomineralisation
Crown dilaceration
Root duplication
Root dilasceration
Arrest of formation

42
Q

Ankylosis: signs and symptoms

A

No mobility
Metalic percussion note
No PDL present Radiographically

43
Q

External root resorption: signs and symptoms

A

Mobility
Shortened external surface of roots

44
Q

Internal root resorption: signs and symptoms

A

Pink spot on tooth
Round radiolucency in the root canal Radiographically

45
Q

What causes discolouration of the crown?

A

Pulpal necrosis
RCT
trauma

46
Q

List 6 Tx options for discoloured teeth:

A

Crown
Veneer
Post and core
Internal bleaching
External bleaching
Composite camouflage

47
Q

Hat are the 2 key guidelines for dental trauma:

A

IADT
Dental Trauma Guide

BDS - Module 9 (16 decks)

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