15. Medical Emergencies Flashcards
What does ABCDE stand for?
Airway, breathing, circulation, disabiltiy, exposure
A checks:
Check airway
B checks:
Respiratory rate
Spo2 levels
Chest expansion
C checks:
Pulse
Blood pressure
Capillary refill time
D checks:
ACVPU (alert, confused, verbal, pain, unconscious)
E checks:
Check for any body signs
Normal respiratory rate:
12-20 breaths per min
Normal spo2:
95-100%
Normal pulse rate:
60-100 bpm
Normal blood pressure:
120/80 mmHg
Normal capillary refil time:
3 seconds
What does SBAR stand for?
Situation, background, assessment, recommendations
How would you manage a conscious pt who has collapsed?
Oral glucose
Supine position
How would you manage an unconscious collapsed pt?
Check airway and assess if breathing
Oxygen
Recovery position
What are the two types of asthma attack?
Acute
Life threatening
How would you manage an asthma attack?
Salbutamol inhaler - every 30-60 seconds for adults, every 15 seconds for kids
999
Oxygen
What are the 2 types of epileptic seizures?
Absence sezures
Tonic/clonic seizures
How would you manage an epileptic seizure?
Remove any sources of harm
Time seizure
If over 5 mins - 10mg of buccal midazolam
999
Oxygen
How would you manage hypoglycaemia?
Oxygen
Oral glucose, if conscious
1mg of IM glucagon, if unconscious
999
How would you manage anaphylaxis?
Mild reactions - 10mg of antihistamine
Severe reactions - 999, remove source, oxygen, 0.5mg IM adrenaline, repeat if necessary
List the 4 signs of a stroke:
FAST
facial drooping
arm weakness
speech slurred
How would you manage a stroke?
999
Oxygen
What is angina?
Chest pain caused by narrowing of arteries
What is an MI?
Myocardial infarction
A complete blockage of arteries to the heart
How would you manage angina/MI?
Oxygen
GTN spray - sublingually and repeat after 3 mins
999
Aspirin - 300mg chewed and swallowed
What are the 3 signs of a cardiac arrest?
Complete loss of consciousness
Unresponsive
Absence of normal breathing
How would you manage a cardiac arrest?
999
CPR: 30 compressions, 2 rescue breaths
Defibrillator
When would you use a defibrillator?
If a person is unconscious and not breathing
List the 7 steps to using a defibrillator:
- Turn it on
- Cut persons clothing to expose chest and wipe chest area
- Apple chest pads
- Stop CPR and ensure no one touching pt
- Allow defib to analyse heart rhythm
- Press shock - if required
- Continue CPR
List 3 useful sources of information in relation to medical emergencies in the dental practice:
GDC
BDA
SDCEP