9. (F)heartworm ;) Flashcards
name of worm, life cycle blabla
dirofilaria immitis
mosquito is vector
mosquito eat larva, and bring it to ur dog :(
larva stays in skin, sub cutis, later migrates to abdomen and then to heart and pulmonary arteries
adult females make babies after 6 months
worms; alive or dead
alive adult worm: cause mechanical trauma, stimulate immune system to damage vascular intima
dead adult worm: can cause thrombus:( don’t kill them all at the same time :Z
a life threatening consequence
TRICUSPID REGURGITATION IS LIFE THREATENING
worms accumulate in tricuspid valve area
an important syndrome
CAVAL SYNDROME
displacement of worms from pulmonary arteries to right side of heart
occlude RV outflow -> pulmonary hypertension, decreased right sided cardiac output
–> CHF :(
ascites, hepatic congestion
clinical signs - moderate
cough, exercise intolerance
abnormal lung sounds
clinical signe - severe
cough, exercise intolerant
epistaxis
abnormal lung and heart sounds
hepatomegaly
clinical signs - canal syndrome
sudden onset of severe lethargy
hemoglobinuria
right sided CHF
tricuspid cardiac murmur
diagnosis
antigen test: best screening method (but only detect adult female)
screening for microfilaria
echocardiography: pulmonary artery distension, right heart dilation
x ray: large pulmonary artery, large right side of heart
therapy: on what days do we do something?
day 0 day 1-28 day 60 day 90 day 91 day 120 day 271
what do we do on day 0
screening movement restriction prednisolone: - BID 1st week - SID 2nd week - EOD 3rd, 4th week
what du we do on day 1-28
heartworm preventative against microfilaria
doxycycline
antihistamines
(continue with pred)
what do we do on day 60:
1st melarsomine injection
even stricter movement restriction
what do we do on day 90
2nd injection of melarsomine
what do we do on day 91
3rd injection of melarsomine
still pred
what do we do on day 120:
new test - if positive -> microfilarocide
