8.4 Infectious Brain Disorders Flashcards
- fatal neurodegenerative disorder due to protease resistant prion protein
- rapidly progressive dementia, myoclonus, visual, cerebellar signs, pyramidal dysfunction, akinetic mutism
creutzfeld-jakob disease
EEG in CJD shows periodic _______ waves, and CSF shows elevated _________ protein
sharp, 14-3-3
triad of findings in CJD?
neuronal loss, gliosis, and spongiform change
may see amyloid _______ plaques in CJD composed of prion protein
kuru
inflammation of leptomeninges and CSF within the subarachnoid space
- fever, headache, confusion, nuchal rigidiity
- CSF cloudy, neutrophils, increased pressure, decreased glucose
meningitis
- neonates: Ecoli, group B strep, Listeria monocytogenes
- young adults: N. meningitidis
- older adults: strep pneumonia, : monocytogenes
acute pyogenic meningitis
- localized necrosis of brain tissue with accompanying inflammation
- due to strep and staph
- source: hematogenous or local infection of sinuses
brain abscess
in brain abscess center of ring like lesion contains _________, rim contains ________, and surrounding is ____________
- necrosis, neutrophils
- granulation tissue, fibrous capsule
- edema and gliosis
- protozoan
- necrotic abscesses and ring enhancing lesions
- cyst is defining structure
- cat is definitive host
- immunosuppressed (AIDS) most at risk
toxoplasmosis
- 85% have debilitating illness
- mucoid encapsulated yeasts, PAS highlighted capsule
- subacute or chronic meningitis
- parenchymal invasion (soap bubbles)
- treat with fluconazole
cryptococcus neoformans
- teens and young adults
- temporal lobes, inferior frontal lobes
- chronic inflammatory cells, lymphocytes, cowdry A intranuclear inclusions
- dx with CSF pcr
herpes simplex encephalitis
- enterovirus infection, CNS secondarily involved
- spinal cord infection: flaccid paralysis, muscle wasting, hyporeflexia
poliomyelitis
polio involves inflammation and nueronophagia of ___________, with no inclusion bodies
anterior horn cells
- intraaxonal transport to CNS
- acute neurologic symptoms, brain edema, inflammation
- fatal in nonimmunized hosts
rabies (rhabdovirus)
in rabies, intracytoplasmic inclusions in purkinje cells and hippocampus
negri bodies
