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Brain and Behavior Part II > 6.15 Embryology of the Ear and Eye > Flashcards

6.15 Embryology of the Ear and Eye Flashcards

1
Q

the 3 embryonic sources of the eye?

A

surface ectoderm, neuroectoderm, mesenchyme (mesoderm/neural crest cells)

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2
Q

external eye contains?

A

sclera and cornea

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3
Q

middle eye contains?

A

vascular, choroid, ciliary body and iris

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4
Q

inner eye contains?

A

retina

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5
Q

3 compartments of the eye?

A

anterior, posterior, and vitreous

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6
Q

pair of lateral grooves which evaginate from the developing forebrain (eye fields in diencephalon, PAX6) and form the optic vesicles

A

optic sulci (grooves)

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7
Q

induced by mesenchyme adjacent to developing brain, to become cup by lens placode, to inner neural and outer pigment/vascular layer

A

optic vesicles

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8
Q

the renamed optic vesicle once the surface ectoderm has induced invagination

A

optic cup

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9
Q

groove on the ventral surface of the optic stalk, contains hyaloid artery to developing lens

A

choroid fissure

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10
Q

within choroid fissure, supplies the lens with blood during development, degenerates leaving central artery and vein of retina

A

hyaloid vessels

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11
Q

failure of closure of choroidal fissure, PAX 2 mutations, keyhole

A

coloboma

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12
Q

clouding of the lens, galactosemia, rubella during pregnancy

A

cataracts

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13
Q

surface ectoderm by optic vesicle induction, induces optic vesicle to become optic cup

A

placode

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14
Q

separation from inner surface epithelium and formation of lumen

A

lens vesicle

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15
Q

posterior wall cells elongate, primary fibers, secondary fibers fill central core later

A

lens fibers

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16
Q

separates anterior and posterior chambers during development only

A

pupillary membrane

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17
Q

failure to degenerate before birth, surgery or dries up

A

persisten pupillary membrane

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18
Q

outer fibrous layer, continuous with the substantia propria of the cornea and formed from mesenchyme surrounding optic cup

A

eye development

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19
Q

eyelids develop from?

A

surface ectoderm

20
Q

stromal layer of cornea?

A

susbtantia propria

21
Q

mesothelium of anterior chamber is derived from?

22
Q

epithelium of cornea and conjunctiva formed from

A

surface ectoderm

23
Q

develops from walls of optic cup which are continuous with the wall of the developing brain

24
Q

this part of the retina forms from the thinner, outer layer of the optic cup

A

pigment epithelium

25
Q

the part of the retina forms from the inner, thicker layer of the optic cup under the influence of the lens

A

neuroepithelium

26
Q

separation of pigment layer from neuroepithelial layer

A

detached retina

27
Q

nerve fibers grow from the ganglion cells of the retina through the optic stalk to reach the brain, myelination continues after birth

A

optic nerve

28
Q

pupil muscles grow from neuroectoderm, sphincter and radial muscles

29
Q

absence of the iris

30
Q

anterior compartment is the space between the ______ and iris and filled with _______ humor

A

cornea, aqueous

31
Q

vitreous space is ______ to the lens and zonula attachments

32
Q

blockage of the canal of Schlemm leading to increased intra orbital pressure

A

congenital glaucoma

33
Q

forms from the otic vesicle, which develops from the surface ectoderm in the region of the hindbrain

34
Q

forms from the 1st branchial pouch (lining of tympanic cavity) and the 1st and 2nd branchial arches (malleus, incus, and stapes)

A

middle ear

35
Q

develops from the 1st and 2nd branchial arches

A

external ear

36
Q

caused by genetic factors (Treacher-Collins) or rubella or cytomegalovirus infection

A

congenital deafness

37
Q

in middle ear, origin from 1st branchial pouch, proximal unexpanded portion forms auditory tube, distal portion forms tympanic cavity

A

tubotympanic recess

38
Q

part of middle ear from 1st branchial arch

A

malleus and incus

39
Q

part of middle ear from 2nd branchial arch

40
Q

in development of the inner ear, thickening of surface ectoderm, developes a lumen and becomes the otic pit

A

otic placode

41
Q

otic pit becomes otic _____

42
Q

______ portion of the inner ear gives rise to utricle, semicircular canals, endolymphatic duct and sac

43
Q

______ portion of the inner ear gives rise to the saccule and cochlear duct

44
Q

cavity in the temporal bone divided into 3 sections-vestibule, semicircular canals, and cochlea

A

bony labyrinth

45
Q

lies within bony labyrinth and is divided into 3 parts-semicircular ducts, saccule, and utricle

A

membranous labyrinth

46
Q

formation of perilymphatic space from the cartilaginous otic capsule which undergoes vacuolization, and scala tympani and vestibuli by vacuolization of otic capsule

A

formation of cochlear duct

47
Q

organ of ______ contains hair cells receptors

Brain and Behavior Part II (37 decks)

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