6.12 Hypothalamus

Question 1

2 systems for endocrine function of hypothalamus?

Answer 1

neurohypophyseal (direct), and tuberoinfundibular (anterior pituitary)

Question 2

neurohypophyseal system in the ______ pituitary, neurons release _______ and ______

Answer 2

posterior, oxytocin/vasopressin

Question 3

tuberoinfundibular system in the _______ pituitary, neurons release ________ that act on _______

Answer 3

anterior, releasing factor, anterior pituitary cells

Question 4

temperature info conveyed to hypothalamus via ____________ and neurons in the _________ sense temperature

Answer 4

somatosensory temp sensitive afferents; anterior nucleus of hypothalamus

Question 5

_______ nucleus of hypothalamus responds to warm

Answer 5

anterior

Question 6

_________ nucleus of hypothalamus responds to cold

Answer 6

posterior

Question 7

hypothalamic neurons in the _______ area change body temp set point, activation of ______ can reduce fever

Answer 7

pre-optic, septum

Question 8

nucleus responsible for satiety?

Answer 8

ventromedial

Question 9

stimulation of the ventromedial nucleus reduces ________, lesions produce ________

Answer 9

food intake, obesity

Question 10

nucleus responsible for feeding center? stimulation produces ________

Answer 10

lateral nuclei, eating

Question 11

lesions of lateral nuclei produce?

Answer 11

anorexia

Question 12

produced in adipose tissue, reduce appetite

Answer 12

leptins

Question 13

produced in gastric mucosa, stimulates appetite

Answer 13

ghrelin

Question 14

suprachiasmatic nucleus, input from retinal ganglion cells containing melanopsin, project to SCN at chiasm

Answer 14

circadian rhythym

Question 15

regulates core body temp, ACTH levels, slow wave sleep, skin temp

Answer 15

circadian rhythym

Question 16

maintenance of thirst/body fluid regulated by _______ release by supraoptic nucleus, and the _______ involved in coordinating drinking behavior

Answer 16

ADH (vasopressin), anterior nucleus

Question 17

descending control of preganglionic parasympathetic and sympathetic neurons by the _______ nucleus

Answer 17

paraventricular

Question 18

retina (SNC), fornix (from hippocampus), amygdala, and medial forebrain bundle serve as ________ to the hypothalamus

Answer 18

afferent inputs

Question 19

mammillothalamic tract (papez circuit), descending autonomic control serve as _________ of the hypothalamus

Answer 19

efferent connections

Question 20

neurons in the _______ nucleus of the hypothalamus sense temperature

Answer 20

anterior

Question 21

in fever, hypothalamic neurons activated in the ________ area

Answer 21

pre-optic

Question 22

activation of septum can reduce _______

Answer 22

fever