8.2 The cell cycle Flashcards
Name the main three phases of the eukaryotic cell cycle?
- interphase
- mitosis
- cytokinesis
Name the three main phases of interphase?
- G1 (pre-DNA synthesis
- S (DNA synthesis)
- G2 (post-DNA synthesis)
How long do eukaryotic cells spend in interphase?
95% of their time
How long do cells spend in G1 phase?
8-10 hours
What happens to cells during G1 Phase?
The cells grow and carry out biochemical activities.
How long do cells spend in S (synthesis) Phase?
6-8 hours
What happens to cells during S Phase?
- Chromosomes split into 2 strands, known as chromatids, which are joined at the centromere.
- DNA replicates into double the amount
How long do cells spend in G2 Phase?
4-6 hours
What happens to the cell during G2 Phase?
- The cell prepares for cell division
- Chromosomes are made up of 2 chromatids
What happens during M Phase?
- The nucleus divides (mitosis)
- The cytoplasm divides (cytokinesis)
Name the stages of mitosis:
- Interphase
- Prophase
- Metaphase
- Anaphase
- Telophase
- Cytokinesis
What are the rate and complexity differences between binary fission and mitosis?
Binary fission is relatively faster and simpler than mitosis, which is relatively slower and more complex.
What are the structural change differences between binary fission and mitosis?
In mitosis, the nuclear membrane has to break down and reform and the spindle fibers have to form and attach to separate chromosomes, while binary fission has none of these structures.
