11.1 Monohybrid Crosses Flashcards
What does the term homozygous mean? Give an example.
- 2 identical alleles for a particular gene
- Purebred
- Eg. AA or aa
What does the term heterozygous mean? Give an example.
- 2 different alleles for a particular gene
- Carrier
- Eg. Aa
What does the term wildtype phenotype refer to?
-The typical form of an organism, which is the most common phenotype in the natural population.
What does the term dominant refer to?
A trait which is expressed when an organism has either one (Aa) or two (AA) of the allele.
What does the term recessive refer to?
A trait which is only expressed when both alleles for that trait are present (aa).
What does the term mono mean?
One
What does the term hybrid mean?
Mixture
What does the term monohybrid refer to?
- Offspring that is produced from parents which are homozygous for different alleles.
- Involves one gene with 2 different alleles
- Eg Hair colour- A=White, a=Black (Aa
What is a monohybrid cross?
When one gene his tested using a punnet square
Eg. Aa, AA
What does the term autosomal co-dominant inheritance refer to?
- Inheritance patterns when both alleles in a heterozygote are dominant.
- Eg. ABO blood groups
What does the term sex-linked inheritance refer?
- Males: XY
- Females: XX
What does the term Y-linked refer to?
When a trait is passed from father to son and is never observed in females it is Y-linked.
What does the term X-linked recessive refer to?
When the trait is recessive, it is less likely to be observed in women than in men, because have 2 X chromosomes, while men only have 1.
What does the term X-linked dominant refer to?
When a trait is more likely to be seen in women than in men since they have twice the chance of getting a recessive allele.
What is a test cross?
A punnet square where a heterozygote is crossed with a homozygote recessive.
Eg. Aa, aa
