8.2 Ground Handling Instructions Flashcards
OFF BLOCKS Time
- First movement during pushback or,
- Start of taxi without pushback
ON BLOCKS Time
When the last engine decelerates
Wide Cut Fuel
- Not used,
- If used accidentally flight may continue with Maintrol procedures,
- And by NPFO authorization
Refueling with Passengers Onboard
- Ask the local rules (ie. if firetruck must be at site),
- Two way communication between cockpit and ground personnel,
- If alone in the flight deck, the crew must seat on RH seat,
- Announcement to passengers,
- FASTEN BELT signs OFF,
- NO SMOKING signs ON,
- All CCM onboard,
- Slide areas must be clear if stairs are not used,
- Only one door used for servicing (catering/cleaning, ambulift is an espace path)
Refuelling Tolerance
- 200kg,
- If it’s more, add a note to receipt
Adjusted Airbridge Boarding
- 3 Queues: Priority, Seat 22-33/23-35, All others
- Hold 3 and 4 must be empty,
- Hold 3 loading starts after Hold 2 loading complete,
- Dispatcher informs the commander,
- Confirm with CSS
Cargo Contents
- Company doesn’t normally carry third party cargo,
- Company carries Engineering stores or other company mail as a cargo
Special Categories Passengers
- PRM: Persons with reduced mobility,
- Infants and Unaccompanied childern,
- Deportees, Inadmissable Passengers or Prisoners in Custody,
- Can’t occupy direct access seats
Passenger Age Categories
- Infant: Under 2 years ,
- Child: 2-12 years,
- Adult: > 12 years
Not Self-Reliant Passengers
Must travel with an ablebodied accompanying person aged 16 and over
BSVIP
- Blind or Significant Vision Impaired Passengers,
- If they are self-reliant, may travel without company,
- Else even there is company, is subject to safety limit of 50% ABP,
- When travelling with assist dog, maximum number is 4
DSHIP
- Deaf or Significant Hearing Impaired Passengers,
- When travelling with assist dog, maximum number is 4,
- Subject to seating restrictions,
- If they are able to understand safety demo, no need to inform cabin crew,
- Hard of hearing pax who uses corrective device is not a SCP
Assistance/Guide Dogs
- Maximum 4,
- Must have Pet Passport or Official Veterinary Health Certificate,
- CCM only required to confirm they are on the list
Battery Operated Wheelchairs
- Wet cell WCH not accepted,
- Gel/Dry Cell accepted at hold provided battery disconnected and terminals insulated
Assistance Inflight
- CC may provide boiled and cooled potable water,
- CC not allowed to provide medical services,
- CC cannot lift passengers,
- CC cannot assist with personal hygiene
Denying Travel
- Attending physician recommends or express doubt to not travel,
- Passengers with contagious/communicable disease,
- Passengers with condition which may cause distress or discomfort to others,
- If stretcher required,
- Passenger requiring assistance which burdens Company staff,
- Passenger with condition which poses health/safety/welfare risk to others
Pregnancy
Over 28 weeks, need to carry “Fit to Fly” letter from midwife/doctor
Escorts
- Persons in lawful custody must always be escorted on a flight,
- DEPO and INAD may or may not have escorts on a flight,
- If an escort is deemed necessary, minimum 2 escorts should be provided,
- If not necessary DEPO and INAD must be escorted to the aircraft,
- The escort will not leave until door are closed,
- There will be only 1 escorted DEPO/INAD/Persons in lawful custody passenger in a flight
INAD, DEPO, Lawful Custody Passenger Limit
- If escort required on flight: 1,
- INAD, DEPO: Normally 2, if more call the Duty Pilot,
- They are considered as SCP and considered in 50% ABP calculation
INAD Documents
- Company informs Commander,
- Some states gives travel document envelope, accept it and carry it in the cockpit,
- Give this documents to Handling Agent after de-boarding,
- If no immigration officer present at the stand request Ramp Agent to inform immigration,
- If passenger allowed to carry documents, don’t try to take it,
INAD, DEPO Seating
- Boarded first, deboarded last,
- Seated at the rear,
- Where possible hadcuffs removed while onboard,
- Not permitted to seat emergency exit and aisle seats
- No alcohol,
- Hold baggage loaded last
Operation During High Winds
- Wind calculated: steady + 1/2 gust,
- Maximum Speed: 60KT (also gust),
- After limit, winds must be lower than 60KT for 30min or more,
- Above 20KT: Parking brake set and choks on,
Operation During Wind Speed > 40KT
- Stabilizer full nose down,
- Double chocks,
- Refueled 7000kg,
- If A/C left unattended call Maintrol,
- Park tactically not to operate doors directly to the wind,
- Place “DO NOT DE-ICE” placard to Captains window
Engine Blast and Suction Area
- Idle Power: 30.5m
- Breakaway Power: 155m
- Takeoff Power: 579m
- Suction radius: Idle 3.2m / T/O 6.9m
Ground Power and Anti-Collision Light Worst Combination
- GRD PWR connected,
- Engine #2 shutdown,
- GRD PWR trips out,
- In this case AC power lost and Anti-Collision light does not work,
- Although Engine #1 still running
Ground / Flight Deck Communication Note
Use exact words and phrases in FCOM
Attracting Ground Crews Attention
Flashing the landing lights
Pushback and Delayed Start
Expected at any Company base. If taxiing:
- Follow normal Pushback and Before Taxi Procedures,
- Start APU approaching the hold position,
- At the position shut down engines and complete normal shutdown procedure,
- Start engines following normal engine start procedures according to CTOT,
- Initial pushback time is recorded in the EFL in the comments but it’s not the legal OFF BLOCK
Aircraft Towing Crew Requirement
- Only one pilot required,
- Company Captains are qualified,
- Briefing by Engineer or Duty Pilot,
- Normal Preflight and Postflight procedures apply
Potable Water Guidance
- If potable water empty and bars have not loaded, can’t depart,
- If potable water 1/8 and bars have not loaded, can depart with conservative use,
- If potable water > 1/8 and bars are loaded, normal service until 1/8
Mass and Balance Documents
- LID: Load Information Document or,
- Paper Loadsheet
Rear Hold Status
Commander shall always ask the dispatcher to “confirm the status of the rear hold”
Infant Seating Restrictions
- May not occupy direct access seats,
- Each seat row unit (triple) may contain 1 infant
Cold Weather Ops Flap Extension On the Ground
- Delay until reaching holding point in Freezing Conditions or following de-icing,
- If extended before, hold over time is no longer valid,
- With flaps extended, HOT observed to be degraded as much as half
Type I Fluid Specifications
- For anti-icing the mixture should have freezing point of at least 10 degrees below the OAT,
- Increasing the concentration does not provide any extension in HOT
Type III Fluid Usage
- Intended for use on aircraft with low rotation speeds,
- Speed less than 100KT,
- Type II and IV generally do not pass the low speed test
CSFF Relief
- When OAT 4 degrees or more,
- Inform CSS when relief is applied
Clear Ice Cautions
- When fuel temperature subzero and large quantity in main tanks,
- OAT around 0 degrees and drizzle/rain present,
- Most vulnerable parts: wing root and skins in contact with unused fuel,
- Using WAI may melt the snow that may freeze again later,
- If in doubt DE-ICE
LOUT
- Lowest Operational Use Temperature,
- Not less than 10 degrees of freezing point for Type I, 7 degrees for Type II, III, IV,
- LOUTs for mixtures only given when relevant temperature is warmer
De-icing and Fuel Temperature
- If fuel temperature < OAT, inform the service provider,
- In this condition stronger mix may be used
De-ice and Anti-ice Methods
- Brushing,
- Fluid application,
- Infrared heat,
- Forced air
De-icing/Anti-icing at Home Bases
- During early morning preflight checks if required Maintenance supervise the process,
- If Hoar Frost likely, maintenance may de-ice/anti-ice overnight or early morning,
- Anti-icing provides a long HOT against hoar frost
DAR Form
- De-icing/Anti-icing Request Form,
-“Contamination Check” part indicates which areas to be cleaned and filled by commander or engineer, - Commander signs the form and inserts relevant Tech Log page reference,
- Commander keeps top copy and clips to the stick checklist for a reminder of HOT until T/O roll
De/Anti-icing with Engines Running
- Ensure flight details and Contamination Check filled. Sign the form with relevant Tech Log page reference,
- Provide Tech Log page copy to the agent prior engine start,
- After procedure confirm Anti-icing code via headset and the name of the person responsible,
- Write the name to top blue copy,
- Sign the form and clip it to stick checklist until T/O roll
Service Provider Without DAR Form
- They can use theirs,
- Their form copy shall be attached to EFL or flight envelope
Alternative Methods of Removal of Dry Snow
- Long handled soft brooms and squeegees used for wings and stabilizers,
- Soft cotton rope or fabric hoses used for upper fuselage,
- If structure is dry and OAT below 3 degrees with light snow, it’s advisable not to spray aircraft
De/Anti-ice First Aid Measures
- Ingestion: give large quantities of water,
- Skin contact: Wash off in flowing water, launder contaminated clothing,
- Eye contact: Irrigate for 5 minutes,
- Inhalation: Remove to fresh air if feeling unwell
Dried De/Anti-ice Fluid Risk
- When surfaces treated but the aircraft not been flown or,
- Not been subject to precipitation
Anti-icing Application Start Time Limit
Typically within 3 minutes of de-icing
Removal of Local Area Contamination
- For example for local CSFF,
- Freezing conditions not exists,
- Application must be symmetrical (even no contamination on the other side),
- Use fluids which are suitable for one step procedure,
Pre Takeoff Contamination Check
- If HOT has been exceeded or in doubt,
- Commander shall arrange an external check,
- If not posssible de-ice and anti-ice again
Visual Cues For Anti-icing Deterioration
- Surfaces look glossy, smooth and wet when anti-iced,
- Loss of gloss or dulling means deterioration
Can Flight Crew Supervise the De/Anti-icing Operation
Yes if no approved contractor present,
De/Anti-icing Fluid Mixture Notes
- First number is the fluid amount (75/25, 75 for fluid),
- If different mixture used, use more conservative value from the list (for 80/20, use 75/25)
De/Anti-icing Time Recording
- Given by agent as a local time,
- Commander needs to convert it to UTC
Icing Intensity Definitions
- Light: Altitude/Heading change not necessary,
- Moderate: Altitude/Heading change desirable,
- Severe: De/Anti-icing systems fails to control or reduce the hazard
