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AGW Music Theory - Intermediate > 8. Whole Tone, Pentatonic, Blues and Octatonic Scales > Flashcards

8. Whole Tone, Pentatonic, Blues and Octatonic Scales Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the names of four 20th century scales?

A

Whole Tone Scales
Pentatonic Scales
Blues Scales
Octatonic Scales

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2
Q

What is a whole tone?

A

A tone with one semi-tone between the first and second key.

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3
Q

What is a Whole Tone scale?

A

A series of seven notes made up of six consecutive whole tones (six different letter names), beginning and ending on the same letter name.

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4
Q

What are the only two ways of writing the whole tone scale?

A

Using the group of 3 black keys or the group of 2 black keys.

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5
Q

What does a whole tone scale use ascending and descending?

A

The same notes ascending and descending. Use all sharps or all flats.

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6
Q

How many letter names are omitted in a whole tone scale and what is created as a result?

A

One letter name is omitted creating a diminished third.

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7
Q

What does a Pentatonic scale consist of?

A

5 notes plus the upper tonic, for a total of 6 notes.

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8
Q

How do you form a Major Pentatonic scale?

A

By taking a Major scale and omitting the 4th and 7th degrees.

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9
Q

What is the distance between the first 2 notes of a Major Pentatonic scale?

A

A Major 2nd.

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10
Q

How do you form a minor pentatonic scale?

A

By taking a natural minor scale and omitting the 2nd and 6th degrees.

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11
Q

What is the distance between the first two notes of a minor pentatonic scale?

A

A minor 3rd.

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12
Q

What notes does a Major Pentatonic Scale and a minor pentatonic scale use?

A

The same notes.

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13
Q

How do you form a Blues scale from a Major scale?

A

By taking a Major scale,

  • omitting the 2nd and 6th degrees,
  • lowering the 3rd and 7th degrees, and
  • creating the “blue note” by repeating the 5th one chromatic semitone lower or repeating the 4th one chromatic semitone higher.
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14
Q

How may a blues scale be written?

A

With a lowered 5th degree or a raised 4th degree.

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15
Q

How do you form a Blues scale from the natural minor scale?

A

By taking the natural minor scale,

  • omitting the 2nd and 6th degrees (minor pentatonic scale), and
  • adding the “blue note” of the raised 4th or lowered 5th degree.
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16
Q

What does an Octatonic scale consist of?

A

Eight notes plus the upper tonic for a total of 9 notes.

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17
Q

How do you form an Octatonic scale?

A

By alternating whole tone (whole step) and semitone (half step) OR semitone (half step) and whole tone (whole step)

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18
Q

What is a Whole Tone scale?

A

7 notes - 6 whole tones

Beginning and ending on the same letter name

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19
Q

What is a Major Pentatonic scale?

A

6 notes plus repeated Tonic

Major scale omitting the 4th (fa) and 7th (ti) degrees

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20
Q

What is a minor pentatonic scale?

A

6 notes plus repeated Tonic

Natural minor scale omitting the 2nd (rae) and 6th (la) degrees.

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21
Q

What is a Blues scale?

A

7 notes - 6 plus repeated Tonic

Minor pentatonic scale adding the “blue note” of the raised 4th (fa) or lowered 5th (so) degree

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22
Q

What is an Octatonic scale?

A

9 notes - 8 plus repeated Tonic

Alternates between whole tones and semitones or between semitones and whole tones.

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23
Q

What is the definition of alla, all’?

A

In the manner of

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24
Q

What is the definition of assai?

A

Much, very much ie allegro assai - very fast

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25
Q

What is the definition of ben, bene?

A

well ie ben marcato - well marked

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26
Q

What is the definition of col, coll’, colla,colle?

A

with ie coll’ ottava - with an added octave

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27
Q

What is the definition of con?

A

with

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28
Q

What is the definition of e, ed?

A

and

29
Q

What is the definition of ma?

A

but - ie- ma non troppo - but not too much

30
Q

What is the definition of meno?

A

less

31
Q

What is the definition of molto?

A

much, very

32
Q

What is the definition of non?

A

not

33
Q

What is the definition of non troppo?

A

not to much

34
Q

What is the definition of piu?

A

more

35
Q

What is the definition of poco?

A

little

36
Q

What is the definition of poco a poco?

A

little by little

37
Q

What is the definition of quasi?

A

as if

38
Q

What is the definition of sempre?

A

always, continuously

39
Q

What is the definition of senza?

A

without

40
Q

What is the definition of troppo?

A

too much

41
Q

What is the term for “in the manner of”?

A

alla, all’

42
Q

What is the term for “much, very much”?

A

assai

43
Q

What is the term for “well” as in well marked?

A

ben, bene

44
Q

What is the term for “with” as in with an added octave?

A

col, coll’, colla, colle

45
Q

What is the term for “with”?

A

con

46
Q

What is the term for “and”?

A

e, Ed

47
Q

What is the term for “but”?

A

ma

48
Q

What is the term for “less”?

A

meno

49
Q

What is the term for “much”, “very”?

A

molto

50
Q

What is the term for “not”?

A

non

51
Q

What is the term for “not too much”?

A

non troppo

52
Q

What is the term for “more”?

A

piu

53
Q

What is the term for “little”?

A

poco

54
Q

What is the term for “little by little ?

A

poco a poco

55
Q

What is the term for “as if ?

A

quasi

56
Q

What is the term for “always, continuously”?

A

sempre

57
Q

What is the term for “without”?

A

senza

58
Q

What is the term for “too much”?

A

troppo

59
Q

How many notes in a Whole Tone Scale?

A

Seven

60
Q

How many notes in a Blues Scale?

A

Seven

61
Q

How many notes in a Pentatonic Scale?

A

Six

62
Q

How many notes in a Octatonic Scale?

A

Nine

63
Q

What makes up the seven notes of a Whole Tone Scale?

A

Six consecutive whole tones beginning and ending on the same letter name.

64
Q

What notes (degrees) are omitted from a Major Blues Scale?

A

2nd and 6th notes (degrees)

65
Q

What notes (degrees) are lowered one semitone in a Major Blues Scale?

A

3rd, 5th and 7th.

66
Q

What note (degree) is repeated in a Major Blues Scale and what is done to the repeated note?

A

5th note (degree) is repeated and it is first lowered one semitone, then raised one semitone.

67
Q

What notes (degrees) are omitted in a Major Pentatonic Scale?

A

The 4th and 7th degrees of a Major scale.

68
Q

What notes (degrees) are omitted in a Minor Pentatonic Scale?

A

The 2nd and 6th degrees of the natural minor scale.

AGW Music Theory - Intermediate (17 decks)

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