6. Intervals - Augmented, Diminished and Inversions Flashcards
What is an interval?
The distance between two notes.
What is an Augmented Interval?
One semitone larger than a Perfect or Major Interval.
How do you change a Perfect or Major interval to an augmented interval?
Raise the top note one chromatic semitone (half step) or lower the bottom note one chromatic semitone (half step).
What are the abbreviations for Major, Minor, Perfect, diminished or Augmented intervals?
Maj min Per dim Aug
What is a diminished interval?
One semitone smaller than a Perfect or minor interval.
What interval cannot become diminished?
A Perfect unison
How do you change a Perfect or minor interval to a diminished interval?
Lower the top note one chromatic semitone (half step) or raise the bottom note one chromatic semitone (half step).
What is the movement from diminished to augmented with a Perfect interval?
Diminished - one semitone larger is Perfect -one semitone larger is Augmented.
What is the movement from diminished to augmented with a Major interval?
Diminished - one semitone larger is minor, one semitone larger is Major - one semitone larger is Augmented.
What interval is one semitone smaller than a Perfect interval?
A diminished interval.
What interval is one semitone larger than a Perfect interval?
An augmented interval.
What interval is one semitone smaller than a Major interval?
A minor interval.
What interval is two semitones smaller than a Major interval?
A diminished interval.
What interval is one semitone larger than a Major interval?
An augmented interval.
What is the movement of accidentals from diminished to Augmented?
Double flat, flat, natural, sharp, double sharp
What are the three steps to write an harmonic or melodic interval below a given note?
- Count down to determine the note that is the interval number below the given note. Write that note without an accidental.
- Determine the type/quality of the interval needed (Aug, Maj, Per, min, dim) based on the Major Key signature of the bottom note.
- Using accidentals, move one chromatic semitone (half step) at a time to adjust the bottom note until the correct interval is formed.
Note: Do not change the given note. Determine the Major or Perfect interval below the given note first. Raise or lower the bottom note one semitone at a time to form the correct interval.
How is the quality/type of an interval determined?
By the Major key of the lowest note.
How are Perfect and Major intervals identified?
By the Major key of the bottom note.
How are augmented, minor and diminished intervals raised or lowered in pitch?
Based on the key signature of the Major key.
What separates the type / quality of intervals?
One chromatic semitone (half step).
What do you do if the bottom note is not a Major key on the Circle of Fifths?
Change the accidental on the bottom note to a Major key. Then determine the interval based on that Major key. Move the lower note, one semitone at a time, back to the original pitch to determine the given interval.
What happens to the interval when both notes move up or down the same distance?
The interval name remains the same.
Where is an harmonic second below a given note written and what is the exception?
The lower note is written to the left unless there is no room for correct placement then it can be written to the right of the given note.
What is an inversion of an interval?
An interval turned upside down by either
- moving the bottom note to the top, or
- moving the top note to the bottom
What is an inverted Major interval?
A minor interval
What is an inverted minor interval?
A Major interval
What is an inverted augmented interval?
A diminished interval
What is an inverted diminished interval?
An augmented interval
What is a inverted Perfect interval?
A Perfect interval
What is the combined number of the interval and its inversion always equal to?
Nine
