10. Cadances - Perfect, Plagal and Imperfect Flashcards

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1
Q

What is a cadence?

A

A cadence is a progression of two chords that ends a phrase or section of music.

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2
Q

What are the three types of cadences?

A

Perfect - authentic
Plagal
Imperfect - half cadence

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3
Q

What do Roman numerals identify?

A

The degree and type of chord.
Upper case - major
Lower case - minor

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4
Q

How is a keyboard style cadence written?

A

With the root of each chord in the Bass Clef and the Root, 3rd and 5th notes of each chord in the Treble Clef.

A cadence is often written over two measures.

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5
Q

What note do Perfect and Plagal cadences end on?

A

The Tonic.

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6
Q

Where are Perfect and Plagal cadences often found?

A

At the end of a piece of music.

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7
Q

In a Perfect or Plagal Cadence, what is the last note in the Bass Clef and what does it identify?

A

The Tonic note.

The key.

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8
Q

In a Perfect or Plagal cadence, what determines if the key is Major or minor?

A

The Key Signature.

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9
Q

What determines the type of cadence?

A

The degree of the bass notes.

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10
Q

What do you do to determine the degree of the bass note in the first measure of a Perfect or Plagal cadence and to identify the cadence as Perfect or Plagal?

A

Count up from the Tonic note in the last measure, to the base note in the first measure to determine the degree of the note and identify the cadence as Perfect or Plagal.

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11
Q

What notes does an Imperfect Cadence begin on?

A

Major key- The Tonic (I) or Subdominant (IV)

minor key- The Tonic (i) or Subdominant (iv)

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12
Q

What note does an Imperfect cadence end on?

A

Major key- The Dominant (V)

minor key- The Dominant (V)

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13
Q

Where is an Imperfect Cadence often found?

A

Ending a phrase in the middle of a section.

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14
Q

What note degrees are in a Perfect cadence?

A

Major: V - I
minor: V - i

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15
Q

What note degrees are in an Imperfect cadence?

A

Major: I - V, IV - V
minor: i - V, iv - V

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16
Q

What note degrees are in a Plagal cadence.

A

Major: IV - I
minor: iv - i

17
Q

What determines if a cadence is Perfect, Plagal or Imperfect?

A

The bass notes.

18
Q

How do you identify whether a cadence is Perfect or Phagal?

A

Determine the note in the second measure of the cadence. If the last note is the Tonic note, it identifies the key. Count up from the Tonic note to determine the degree of the notes in the Bass Clef.

19
Q

In identifying a Perfect or Phagal cadence, what note is the Tonic note and what does it identify?

A

The last note in the Bass Clef is the Tonic note and it identifies the key.

20
Q

In determining the type of cadence, what does the Key Signature do?

A

Determines if the key is Major or minor.

21
Q

In determining the type of cadence, what do the bass notes do?

A

Determine whether the cadence is Perfect, Phagal or Imperfect.

22
Q

How do you determine what note is “the last note in the bass clef”?

A

It is the note in the Bass Clef in the second measure of the cadence.

23
Q

How do you identify the key for Perfect and Imperfect Cadences?

A

If the cadence contains an accidental (raised 7th note), the cadence, the key is minor. (Perfect V-i or Imperfect i-V)

If the cadence does not contain an accidental (raised 7th) it is Major. (Perfect V-I or Imperfect I-V)

24
Q

What note does a Perfect Cadence end on?

A

The Tonic note.

25
Q

What note does an Imperfect Cadence end on?

A

The Dominant note.

26
Q

How do you identify the key for Plagal cadences?

A

The cadence will NOT contain an accidental (raised 7th note) of the harmonic minor key.

27
Q

What are the notes in a Plagal cadence?

A

Major: IV - I
minor: iv - I

28
Q

How do you determine if a Perfect or Plagal Cadence belongs to the Major or minor key?

A

By checking the Key Signature and then determine if the Tonic belongs to the Major or minor key.

29
Q

In an Imperfect Cadence, what is the last note in the Bass Clef and what does it identify.

A

The Dominant note.

30
Q

What is the degree of the bass note in each measure of a Perfect cadence in a Major key?

A

First measure - V

Second measure - I

31
Q

What is the degree of the bass note in each measure of a Perfect cadence in a minor key?

A

First measure - V

Second measure - i

32
Q

What is the degree of the bass note in each measure of a Phagal cadence in a Major key

A

First measure - IV

Second measure - I

33
Q

What is the degree of the bass note in each measure of a Pagal cadence in a minor key?

A

First measure - iv

Second measure - i

34
Q

What is the degree of the bass note in each measure of an Imperfect cadence in a Major key?

A

First measure - I or IV

Second measure - V or V

35
Q

What is the degree of the bass note in each measure of an Imperfect cadence in a minor key?

A

First measure - i or iv

Second measure - V or V

36
Q

What does the Dominant note of the harmonic minor key always contain?

A

The raised 7th note.

37
Q

What is the status of the Dominant chord of an harmonic minor key?

A

It is always Major,

38
Q

What is used for the raised 7th note of the harmonic minor key?

A

An accidental.

39
Q

How do you determine if the Phagal cadence belongs to a Major or minor Hryniuk?

A

Check the key signature and then determine if the Tonic note belongs to the major or minor key.