8. Project quality management

Question 1

List the quality management processes and their corresponding process groups!

Answer 1

1. Plan quality management (planning)
2. Perform quality assurance (executing)
3. Control quality (monitoring and controlling)

Question 2

How is quality defined?

Answer 2

Quality is the degree to which the project fulfills its requirements

Question 3

What is “grade” with respect to quality?

Answer 3

Grade describes the general classification for a deliverable or resource. A low grade does not mean low quality!

Question 4

Who has the ultimate responsibility for quality?

Answer 4

The entire organization has responsibility, but the ultimate responsibility has senior management!

Question 5

What is the difference between plan quality management, perform quality assurance and control quality?

Answer 5

Plan (planning): Define quality for project, product and project management - What is quality and how will we ensure it?

Assurance (executing): Ensure the team is following organizational standards, policies and processes

Control (controlling): Examine the actual quality of a deliverable

Question 6

List four costs of conformance and four costs of nonconformance

Answer 6

Conformance

• Quality training
• Studies
• Survey
• Knowledge transfer

Nonconformance

• Rework
• Scrap
• Inventory/Warranty costs
• Lost business

Question 7

Explain the seven basic quality tools

• Cause and effect diagram
• Flowchart
• Checkseet
• Pareto diagram
• Control chart
• Benchmarking
• Design of experiments

Answer 7

1. Cause and effect diagram (fishbone/ishikawa). Note: Always fix a defect AND get the root cause of it!
2. Flowchart (SIPOC)
3. Checksheet (to gather data! This is not a checklist!)
4. Pareto diagram (80/20) Remember: Focus on most critical issues, priortize causes of problems, separate critical few from uncritical many
5. Control chart (control limits, mean, specification limits, rule of seven) Also think of scatter diagrams!
6. Benchmarking
7. Design of experiments (what variables influence quality?)

Question 8

Name the percentages for 1 (60), 3 (99) and 6 (99) sigma!

Answer 8

1. 68.27%
2. 99.73%
3. 99.99999998%

Question 9

Explain the eight tools used in perform quality assurance

• Audits
• Process analysis
• Affinity diagrams
• Tree diagrams
• Interrelationship digraphs
• Matrix diagrams
• Priortization matrices
• Activity network diagrams

Answer 9

• Audits
• Process analysis
• Affinity diagrams (group issues by category)
• Tree diagrams
• Interrelationship digraphs
• Matrix diagrams
• Priortization matrices
• Activity network diagrams

Question 10

Name five quality related PMI-isms!

Answer 10

• PM should recommend improvements to organizational standards, policies and processes. The management loves these!
• Quality should be considered when there is a CR
• Quality should be checked before an activity is complete
• Quality must be planned in, not tested in (Prevention or inspection)
• PM must spend time improving quality (continual improvement or kaizen)