8 PPE Flashcards
What is the most significant route of entry for hazmat and the protection used for it
Respiratory entry. Scba
Ppe may include anything from
Structural gear, chem suits, body armor
Basic types of breathing apparatus
Scba Closed circuit Open Supplied air respirators SAR air purifying respirators. APR particulate removing Vapor and gas removing Combination Powered air purifying respirators PAPRs
Most important piece of Ppe
Scba
Only Scba type allowed in hazmat
Open or closed circuit positive pressure
Disadvantages of Scba
Weight Limited supply and time Change in profile, hider mobility Limited vision and fog Limited communication unless mic installed
Air source not carried, face piece, belt or face regulator, comm system, up to 300’ hose, emergency escape lack or breathing support system.
Supplied air respirator SAR
5-15 min of escape air incase of SAR hose damage
Small portable tank
SAR emergency breathing support system EBSS
Filter canister or cartridge, removes specific contaminants. May be powered or not, don’t supply oxygen or stored air
Air purifying respirators
Air purifying respirators that will not protect against chem bio radio
Half face APR
Material compound or system that holds contaminants by absorbing
Sorbent
Catalyst
Substance that effects rate of chem reaction with other substances
No single canister, filter or cartridge can protect against all chem hazard. Therefore
The material involved must be known and right respirator element selected for it.
APR limitations
Limited life of canisters
Need for atmosphere monitoring
Normal oxygen content in air required
Precautions for APR usage
Know chemical or substance involved
Know concentration of substance in air
O2 between 19.5-23.5%
atmosphere below IDLH conditions
Three categories of particulate removing filters
N non oil resistant
R resistant to oil
P use for oil or non oil lubricants present
Dust masks are limited protection and can’t be used for
Chem hazards, small particles like asbestos
Powered air purifying respirators use what to filter
Blower to pass outside air through canister and provide positive pressure for full face piece
Chemicals may be absorbed into tourn out gear and cause
Repeated exposure to the wearer or reaction to another chemical at a later time. Might need replacing.
High temperature ppe
Protect from high temp and short exposure, heat exceeds standard structural ppe.
Proximity suits
Close approach to fire, aircraft, flammable liquids, shiny outside
Fire entry suits
Work in total flame environments for short time. As high as 2000f. Not interchangeable, specific use.
Limitations of high temp ppe
Heat stress to wearer, bulky, Reduced mobility and vision Limited communication Request training and use for proficiency Expensive Limited exposure time
Chemical protective clothing
CPC, not one suit for all. Chem and bio protection. Most are impermeable to moisture. Must be Deconed
Two types of chemical protective clothing. CPC
Splash
Vapor protective
Liquid splash clothing
Encapsulating or non. Liquid splash. It not vapor or gas, nfpa 1992
Encapsulating suit
One piece, specified splash or vapor
Non encapsulating suit
Multi piece, coveralls, jacket, hood, seams are taped.
Limitations of non encapsulating suit
Protects splashes and dust but not gas and vapor
No full body coverage, head and neck often exposed
Traps body heat
Encapsulating or non, neither are resistant to
Heat or flame, projectiles
Liquid splash clothing is tested against penetration resistance of what according to nfpa 1992
Acetone Ethyl acetate 50/50 water sodium hydroxide 93. Percent sulfuric acid Tetrahydrofuran Dimethylformanide Nitrobenzene
Vapor protective clothing
Vapor gas and splash. Nfpa 1991 must be worn with positive pressure Scba, or combo with SAR. Part of level A
Limitations of vapor protective clothing
Not all chemical hazards are protected
Vapor protection suits are tested per nfpa 1991 against permeation from what chemicals
Acetone Adetonitrile Anhydrous ammonia Butadiene gas Carbon disulfide Chlorine Dichloromethane Dimethyl formamide Ethyl acetate Hexane Hydrogen chloride Methanol Methyl chloride Nitrobenzene Sodium hydroxide Sulfuric acid Tetrahydrofuran Toluene
CPC and respirator management programs have two objectives
Protect wearer fro, health hazards and safety issues
Prevent injury from misuse or malfunction
A CPC management program must have the following elements
Hazard ID medical monitoring Environmental surveillance Selection, care, testing maintenance Training
Chemical passes through material on molecular level, sometimes without indication of it.
Permeation
Material characteristics are altered by chemical. Cracking, brittleness, disintegration, melting, discoloration, swelling, deterioration, loss of strength
Chemical degradation
Hazmat enters through opening or puncture. Rip, rare cut, seams, button holes zippers
Penetration
Service life on suits is different, may be labelled with
Reusable, multi use
Limited use (not disposable)
Disposable (one time use)
Tyvek suits can be used how many times
Once
Body armor types
Six types, but classes I-IV
Plates used in III-IV
Eps leves of suits. Also niosh, osha, and coast guard
A-D
Level a suits
Highest protection. Vapor, mist, gas, particles, not for operational level
Components of level a suit
Positive pressure, full face Scba. Fully enclosed, boots and gloves may be separate but are sealed. Nfpa 1991, outer and inner gloves, steel toe and Shank chem boots. Optional hard hat.radio inside.
Level b suit
Scba, splash highest respiratory, lesser skin, no vapor or gas, encapsulating or non.
Level c suits
Same as level b but respiratory is lower. is not Scba, rather APR or papr. O2 needs to be normal. Splash, no vapor or gas
Level d suits
Street clothes, firefighter ppe. No atmospheric hazard present. Chen boots steel toe and shank, safety goggles, hard hat, escape device, gloves or face shield optional. Only awareness level.
Erg with only reference what level suits
A and b because Scba is always recommended.
Over protection and under protection can be
Hazardous, and should be avoided
Selection factors for CPC
Cbrn hazards Environment Exposure duration Available ppe Compliance with regulations
CPC type selection factors for agencies
Clothing design Material chem resistance Physical properties. Puncture resistance, movement etc Ease of Decon Ease of maintaining and service Interoperability Cost
Structural turnouts can be used
In hazmat and wmd rescue scenarios. With limited exposure times and protective measures in place
Mission oriented protective posture MOPP suits
Military suits. Over garment hood boots gloves mask. 6 level (0-4 alpha.) higher the number, higher the level
MOPP level alpha is designed for
Upwind, little danger of vapor exposure
CPC is not designed with insulation and therefore
Must be taken into consideration for wearer in cold temps
Weak, cold clammy skin, heavy breathing, dizziness. Wake pule
Heat exhaustion
Heat stroke.
Fever 105 and up red hot dry skin, rapid strong pule, deep breathing, convulsions
Methods to reduce heat exposure and illness
Fluid consumption. Air cooling Ice cooling Water cooling Cooling vests Rehab areas Work rotation Proper fluids Physical fitness
Fluid consumption guidelines for managing heat and fluid loss
7 ounces 15-20 min better than drinking a lot at once. Chilled water before work, room temp water after work to not shock body core temp.
Cold exposure illness
Trench foot, frost bite, hypothermia.
Four environmental conditions leading to cold related inj
Low temp, high wind or chill, dampness, cold water
Medical monitoring before and after to track health. Checking what of the person
BP weight RESP Pulse Core body temp Ekg
Safety briefing will cover
Status of incident. identified hazards Site description Tasks to perform Expected duration of tasks Ppe requirements Monitoring requirements Notification of IDd risks
After using ppe at an incident it is important to
Fill out associated reports required by AHJ
Communication is important. What must be established to use other than radio
Hand signals, emergency signals
If possible, entry teams and back up personnel should have their own
Radio channels
Best way to avoid accidental exposure to hazmat while using suits
Following standard inspection, storage maintain and cleaning program and knowing ppe limitations. Keeping records
