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Hazmat For 1st Responders > 10 Product Control > Flashcards

10 Product Control Flashcards

1
Q

Spill control tactics are generally offensive in nature

True false

A

False, spill control is DEFENSIVE

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2
Q

Leak control tactics are used to control the product in

A

It’s original containers, preventing more from escaping.

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3
Q

True or false

Most leak control tactics are OFFENSIVE

A

True, leak control is OFFENSIVE. is generally performed by hazmat techs and specialists

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4
Q

Fire control tactics are aimed at

A

Extinguishing fire and preventing ignition of flammable materials.

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5
Q

Are fire control tactics offensive or defensive

A

They may be either depending on situations

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6
Q

AHJ

A

Authority holding jurisdiction.

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7
Q

Main priority of spill control

A

Confinement and prevention of further contamination or contact

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8
Q

Spill control is often just called

A

Confinement

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9
Q

Some spill control tactics, such as neutralization and dispersion minimize

A

Minimize The amount of harm caused by contact with the hazmat

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10
Q

Spill control tactics are used to

A

Control liquids already released form containers

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11
Q

Spills may involve what state of substances

A

Solid, liquid, gasses

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12
Q

What determines the type of defensive measure used to control a leak

A

The way the hazmat is dispersed

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13
Q

Methods of confinement

A

Damming, diking, catching material in a container, directing or diverting flow to location for collection

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14
Q

Before suing equipment to confine, the IC must seek information from

A

A technical source to determine if spilled materials will adversely affect the equipment

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15
Q

Spill control is not limited to liquids, it can be used for

A

Dust. Vapors. Gasses

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16
Q

Operations level responders are expected to take protective actions in a leak but not

A

Not to physically stop the release unless it can be done from a safe location using remote or valve shut off

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17
Q

Defensive spill control actions that confine hazmat include

A 
Absorption. 
Adsorption
Blanketing covering
Dam, dike, divert, retain
Vapor suppression
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18
Q

Rather than confining the dispersion, some defensive spill tactics are aimed at reducing

A

The amount of harm caused, by diluting the material or changing it characteristics or properties

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19
Q

Tactics to reduce the amount of harm from a release

A 
Vapor dispersion
Ventilation
Dispersion
Dilution
Dissolution
Neutralization
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20
Q

Neutralization is considered what level tactic

A

Technician level offensive tactic

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21
Q

Adsorbents are typically used to control

A

Shallow liquid spills

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22
Q

Blanketing or covering is

A

Covering surface of material like dust or powder to prevent dispersion. Tarps, plastic sheets, salvage covers. Foam

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23
Q

Covering or blanketing may be used as a temporary form of mitigation for what type of hazmat

A

Radioactive and biological substances

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24
Q

Blanketing of liquids is essentially the same as vapor control because

A

It uses aqueous film forming foam to cover the substance

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25
Q

Operational level responders may or may not be able to use blanketing because

A

If nature of hazmat, distance, nature of incident, safety margin

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26
Q

To divert, dam dike or retain, responders can use what

A

Available earthen materials or materials carried on vehicles

27
Q

Vapor suppression is the action taken to

A

Reduce the emission of vapors from a hazmat

28
Q

If the foam is compatible with the material, firefighting foam is effective on spills of

A

Flammable and combustible liquids

29
Q

Class b foam

A

Used in un ignited or ignited flammable or combustible liquids

30
Q

AFFF is not capable of extinguishing

A

Polar solvent (alcohol type) liquids. ARFFF is used. Alcohol resistant film forming foam.

31
Q

Fluoroprotein foam

A

Derived from protein foam concentrates with fluorochemical surfactants are added. High heat resistant and water retention. Low viscosity at low temp. Compatible with dry chem.

32
Q

AFFF

A

Aqueous film forming foam. Fresh or salt water. Lee mix able in fire extinguishers. Surface injection. Penetrating. Compatible with dry chem. Fast draining. Less effective as alcohol content is increased in fuel.

33
Q

ARFFF works by

A

Creating an alcohol resistant membrane between fuel and foam.

34
Q

High expansion foam

A

Low water content, reduce water damage.

35
Q

High expansion foam thee basic applications

A

Concealed spaces- ship compartments, basements, coal mines
Fixed extinguishing systems- aircraft hangars
Class a fire application, slow draining.

36
Q

Characteristics of high expansion foam.

A

Poor heat resistance
Expansions range from 200-1,000:1 high expansion
20-200:1 for medium expansion

37
Q

Foam drainage time

A

Time needed for 25 percent of total liquid solution to drain from foam.

38
Q

All class b foams can be used for vapor suppression and firefighting except

A

Special foams for acid and alkali spills

39
Q

All foams except ________ should be applied onto the ground at the edge of a spill or gently rolled on, rather than plunged directly into the spill.

A

All foams except fluoroprotein, used for surface injection

40
Q

Bank down foam application

A

Banked off an object to apply foam.

41
Q

Rain down foam

A

Foam sprayed into air in fog pattern. Drops rain down

42
Q

Foam cannot seal vapors of liquids that are doing what

A

Boiling, must be below boiling temp

43
Q

Vapor dispersion

A

The action taken to direct or influence the course of airborne hazmat
Hose streams

44
Q

After using hose streams to vapor dispersion what must be done

A

Confine and analyze run off for possible contamination.

45
Q

The same smoke removal methods for firefighting can be used for

A

Venting of hazmat

46
Q

When using negative pressure ventilation for hazmat what considerations must be made

A

Hazmat is Compatible with fan and explosion proof equipment

47
Q

More effective and safer means of fan ventilation

A

Positive pressure

48
Q

Dispersion involves

A

Breaking up or dispersing has at that has spilled on a solid or liquid surface

49
Q

Dilution

A

Application of water to water-soluble material to reduce the hazard. Rarely practical for spill control. Most used for Decon

50
Q

Dissolution

A

Dissolving a gas in water. Only used on water soluble gasses such as anhydrous ammonia or chlorine. Fog stream toward breech in container or on spill.

51
Q

Goal of leak control

A

Stop or limit escape, or contain release in original container or by transferring to a new one. Aka containment

52
Q

Leak control and containment are generally considered what type of actions

A

Offensive. Technician level unless done at safe distance and with remote or valve.

53
Q

Leak control generally requires a person to enter what zone

A

Hot zone

54
Q

Fire control

A

Strategy of minimizing damage harm and effect of fire at hazmat incident

55
Q

If the product of combustion is less hazardous than the leaking chemical, or if extinguishment efforts will place firefighters at unreasonable risk, the best course of action is

A

Protect exposures and allow fire to burn out fuel.

56
Q

During a hazmat fire if there is risk of catastrophic failure, explosions or Bleve or if resources needed are unavailable, the best course of action is

A

Withdrawal

57
Q

During a Bleve risk, water should be directed on the tank how

A

Where flame directly impinges tank and over the top vapor space, allowing water to run down and cool tank. Supports under tank cooled to prevent collapse

58
Q

Intensity of sound or fire issuing from relief valve indicates

A

Pressure increasing inside, failure may be imminent.

59
Q

Gas fed fires around leaking pipes or relief valves should

A

Not be extinguished unless the leak can be controlled by shut of valve or stopping supply

60
Q

When after streams are being used to contain has releasing under pressure how should the water be flowed

A

The stream must exceed the mass and velocity of the escaping gas, and in a manner that disrupts or breaks up the escaping gas.

61
Q

involves raising or lowering the pH of corrosive materials to render them at pH 7. However, the term can be applied to any chemical reaction that reduces the hazard of the material.

A

Neutralization

62
Q

the molecules of the hazardous material physically adhere to the control material rather than being drawn into the inner spaces of the control material.

A

Adsorption

63
Q

a physical and/or chemical event occurring during contact between materials that have an attraction for each other. This event results in one material being retained within the other. The bulk of the material being retained enters the cell structure of the control medium

A

Absorption

Hazmat For 1st Responders (12 decks)

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