8 Chest Pain and ACS Flashcards

1
Q

What are some different types of non cardiac chest pain?

A
  • Respiratory
  • GI
  • Musculoskeletal
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2
Q

What are some differences between pleural/pericardial pain and cardiac ischaemic chest pain?

A

Visceral - lung and heart

  • Dull, poorly localised
  • Worsened with exertion

Somatic pain - pleural

  • sharp pain, well localised
  • worse with inspiration
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3
Q

What is costochondritis?

A

Inflammation of the cartilage joints in the ribs

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4
Q

How can pericarditis present on an ECG?

A
  • ST elevation

- wide spread ST segment

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5
Q

How else can pericarditis be identified?

A

Pericardial rub

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6
Q

What is the major pathology behind ischaemic heart disease?

A

Atheroslcerosis

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7
Q

What is stable angina?

A

Fixed narrowing of the artery, chest pain brought on by activity

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8
Q

What is the underlying problem in acute coronary heart disease?

A

A sudden reduction of blood flow to part of the heart muscle, caused by a blood clot that forms on a patch of atheroma within a coronary artery

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9
Q

What diagnostic tests are carried out to identify ACHD?

A
  • ECG

- Blood tests - troponin

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10
Q

How does a STEMI present on an ECG?

A

Hyperacute T waves

ST segment elevation

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11
Q

How does angina present?

A

Often normal ECG

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12
Q

How does unstable angina and NSTEMI present?

A

ST segment depression sometimes, sometimes normal

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13
Q

What differences are there in the pathophysiology between an STEMI and an NSTEMI?

A

NSTEMI - complete occlusion of a minor artery or partial of major artery leading to partial thickness damage of heart

STEMI - complete occlusion of a major coronary artery leading to full thickness damage

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14
Q

How do you differentiate between unstable angina and an NSTEMI?

A

enzyme tests

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