3 Development of the CVS Flashcards
By what day is the cardiogenic field established?
18-19 days just after gastrulation
Identify the cardiogenic field and blood islands? on a diagram?
do it
What is the primitive heart tube made of?
Two endocardial tubes
What are the different sections of the primitive hear tube?
- Aortic roots
- Truncus arteriosus
- Bulbus cordis
- Ventricle
- Atrium
- Sinus venosus
What is a teratogenic agent?
a agent that disturbs the development of the embryo, either halting the pregnancy or producing a congenital malformation
What process places the inflow and outflow of the heart into the correct orientation with respect to each other?
Looping
What does the right atrium develop from?
Most of the primitive atrium and the sinus venosus
What does the left atrium develop from?
a small portion of the primitive atrium and also absorbs part of the pulmonary veins
What is a shunt?
ashuntis a hole or a small passage which allows movement offluidfrom one part of thebodyto another.
What are the three shunts in the fetal circulation?
- Ductus Venosus
- Foramen Ovale
- Ductus Arteriosus
What does the foramen ovale shunt between?
The shunt is between the right and left atrium
What is the Ductus Venosus shunt between?
From the umbilical vein to the inferior vena cava vein
What does the Ductus arteriosus shunt between?
The shunt is between the pulmonary trunk and the aorta
How does the foramen ovale close?
At birth, the the left atrial pressure exceeds that of the right forcing the septum primum against the septum secundum, functionally closing the foramen ovale.
Which of the aortic arches forms the right proximal part of the subclavian artery and the arch of the aorta
the 4th arch
What is PDA?
Patent ductus arteriosus, where the ductus ateriosus fails to close properly
Results in oxygenated blood from the descending aorta flowing into the pulmonary artery, leading to congestive heart failure
What is purpose of the foramen ovale?
Allows blood to enter the left atrium from the right atrium. , bypassing the pulmonary circulation
What is the ostimum secundum?
a hole in the septum primum
What is the difference between the ostium primum and the ostium secundum?
Ositum primum is the first opening in the septum primum, the ostium secundum is the second opening
What is the precursor to the foramen ovale?
the septum secundum
What is hypoplastic left heart syndrome?
Birth defect that effects blood flow through the heart resulting in left ventricle developing abnormally
What are the two parts of the ventricular septum
Muscular and membranous
What septum grows superiorly from the floor of the ventricles?
the muscular septum
What is the gap between the muscular septum and the endocardial cushions called?
the interventricular foramen
What is the most common congenital cardiac malformation?
Ventricular septal defects
What are the four defects of the tetralogy of fallot?
- Large ventricular septal defect
- Overriding aorta
- Right ventricular outflow tract obstruction
- Right ventricular hypertrophy
