3 Development of the CVS Flashcards

1
Q

By what day is the cardiogenic field established?

A

18-19 days just after gastrulation

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2
Q

Identify the cardiogenic field and blood islands? on a diagram?

A

do it

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3
Q

What is the primitive heart tube made of?

A

Two endocardial tubes

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4
Q

What are the different sections of the primitive hear tube?

A
  • Aortic roots
  • Truncus arteriosus
  • Bulbus cordis
  • Ventricle
  • Atrium
  • Sinus venosus
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5
Q

What is a teratogenic agent?

A

a agent that disturbs the development of the embryo, either halting the pregnancy or producing a congenital malformation

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6
Q

What process places the inflow and outflow of the heart into the correct orientation with respect to each other?

A

Looping

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7
Q

What does the right atrium develop from?

A

Most of the primitive atrium and the sinus venosus

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8
Q

What does the left atrium develop from?

A

a small portion of the primitive atrium and also absorbs part of the pulmonary veins

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9
Q

What is a shunt?

A

ashuntis a hole or a small passage which allows movement offluidfrom one part of thebodyto another.

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10
Q

What are the three shunts in the fetal circulation?

A
  • Ductus Venosus
  • Foramen Ovale
  • Ductus Arteriosus
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11
Q

What does the foramen ovale shunt between?

A

The shunt is between the right and left atrium

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12
Q

What is the Ductus Venosus shunt between?

A

From the umbilical vein to the inferior vena cava vein

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13
Q

What does the Ductus arteriosus shunt between?

A

The shunt is between the pulmonary trunk and the aorta

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14
Q

How does the foramen ovale close?

A

At birth, the the left atrial pressure exceeds that of the right forcing the septum primum against the septum secundum, functionally closing the foramen ovale.

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15
Q

Which of the aortic arches forms the right proximal part of the subclavian artery and the arch of the aorta

A

the 4th arch

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16
Q

What is PDA?

A

Patent ductus arteriosus, where the ductus ateriosus fails to close properly

Results in oxygenated blood from the descending aorta flowing into the pulmonary artery, leading to congestive heart failure

17
Q

What is purpose of the foramen ovale?

A

Allows blood to enter the left atrium from the right atrium. , bypassing the pulmonary circulation

18
Q

What is the ostimum secundum?

A

a hole in the septum primum

19
Q

What is the difference between the ostium primum and the ostium secundum?

A

Ositum primum is the first opening in the septum primum, the ostium secundum is the second opening

20
Q

What is the precursor to the foramen ovale?

A

the septum secundum

21
Q

What is hypoplastic left heart syndrome?

A

Birth defect that effects blood flow through the heart resulting in left ventricle developing abnormally

22
Q

What are the two parts of the ventricular septum

A

Muscular and membranous

23
Q

What septum grows superiorly from the floor of the ventricles?

A

the muscular septum

24
Q

What is the gap between the muscular septum and the endocardial cushions called?

A

the interventricular foramen

25
Q

What is the most common congenital cardiac malformation?

A

Ventricular septal defects

26
Q

What are the four defects of the tetralogy of fallot?

A
  • Large ventricular septal defect
  • Overriding aorta
  • Right ventricular outflow tract obstruction
  • Right ventricular hypertrophy