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Human Anatomy > 8. Cardiovascular System > Flashcards

8. Cardiovascular System Flashcards

1
Q

Closed system that circulates blood throughout the body

A

Cardiovascular System

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2
Q

What does the cardiovascular system include?

A

Heart
Blood
Blood vessels

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3
Q

Cone shaped organ about the size of a fist

A

Heart

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4
Q

Where is the location of the heart?

A

Near the anterior chest wall
Posterior to the sternum
Anterior to the vertebral column (pericardial cavity)

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5
Q

What are the layers (tunics) of the heart?

A

Endocardium
Myocardium
Epicardium

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6
Q

Which layer (tunic) of the heart is this:

  • Inner surface
  • Its folding forms valves that separate atria from ventricles
A

Endocardium

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7
Q

Which layer (tunic) of the heart is this:

  • Thickest layer
  • Interlocking layers of cardiac muscle
A

Myocardium

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8
Q

Which layer (tunic) of the heart is this:

  • External surface.
  • Visceral pericardium.
  • Thin layer
A

Epicardium

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9
Q

Fluid‐filled sac that
surrounds the heart
and the roots of the
major blood vessels

A

Pericardium

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10
Q

Membranous sac
surrounding the heart

A

Visceral Pericardium

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11
Q

Lining of pericardial cavity

A

Parietal Pericardium

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12
Q

A wall of tissue separating
the heart’s right and left
sides

A

Septum

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13
Q

Which heart chamber is this:

Has a Fossa ovalis
Has the superior vena cava orifice
Has the Inferior vena cava orifice
Has Coronary sinus orifice

A

Right Atrium

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14
Q

Which heart chamber has these:

Right atrioventricular
(tricuspid) orifice/valve.
Papillary muscles
Chordae tendiae
Pulmonary trunk/common
pulmonary trunk artery
orifice (semilunar valve)

A

Right Ventricle

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15
Q

Which heart chamber is this in:

Pulmonary venous orifices

A

Left Atrium

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16
Q

Which heart chamber is this in:

Left atrioventricular (mitral/bicuspid) orifice/valve.
Papillary muscles
Chordae tendinae
Aortic orifice/semilunar valve

A

Left Ventricle

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17
Q

What are the 4 chambers of the heart

A

Right Atrium
Right Ventricle
Left Atrium
Left Ventricle

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18
Q

What are the 3 layers of the arteries?

A
  • Tunica intima (interna)
  • Tunica media
  • Tunica externa (adventitia)
19
Q

What are the 3 layers of the arterioles?

A
  • Tunica intima (interna)
  • Tunica media
  • Tunica externa (adventitia)
20
Q

Arteries > Arterioles > ___________ > Venules > Veins

A

Capillaries

21
Q

What carries blood away from the heart to organs and tissues?

A

Arteries

22
Q

What carries blood to the heart and away from the organs and tissues?

A

Veins

23
Q

What is the vasa vasorum?

A

The vessels of the vessels

24
Q
  • Provides the functional blood supply to all
    body tissue.
  • It carries oxygen and nutrients to the cells.
  • Picks up carbon dioxide and waste products.
  • Systemic circulation carries oxygenated blood
    from the left ventricle, through the arteries, to
    the capillaries in the tissues of the body.
A

Systemic Circulation

25
Q
  • Connection between vessels.
  • Union of two vessels going to the same body part
A

Anastomoses

26
Q

What is collateral circulation?

A

Alternate or backup blood vessels

Connection between vessels.

Union of two vessels going to the same body part.

27
Q

When does collateral circulation happen?

A

Take over when another artery or vein become
blocked or damaged

28
Q

The ______ begins at the left ventricle of the heart. Extends upward into the chest to form an arch. It then continues downward into the chest and
the abdomen cavities. Ends at the iliac arteries just above the pelvis

A

Aorta

29
Q

What are the branches of the aortic arch?

A

Brachiocephalic artery
Left common carotid artery
Left Subclavian artery

30
Q

What are the branches of the Brachiocephalic artery?

A

Right subclavian artery
Right common carotid artery

31
Q

What are the branches of the Right subclavian artery?

A

Right internal thoracic artery
Right vertebral – Basilar artery
Right axillary artery
Right brachial artery – Right deep brachial
Right radial artery
Right ulnar artery

32
Q

What goes after the Right radial artery and right ulnar artery?

A

Right superficial palmar arch‐right digits

33
Q

What branch is after the Right Common Carotid Artery?

A

Right external carotid artery

34
Q

What are the branches of the Right external carotid artery?

A

Right facial artery
Right superficial temporal artery
Right maxillary artery
Right posterior auricular artery

35
Q

What are the branches of the Right Internal Carotid Artery?

A
  • Right ophthalmic artery
  • Right anterior cerebral artery
  • Right middle cerebral artery
  • Right posterior communicating artery
36
Q

What’s in the Circle of Willis? (Learn where they are on the actual circle)

A
  • Base of brain stem
  • Component vessels
    >Internal carotid arteries (2)
    >Anterior cerebral arteries (2)
    >Posterior communicating arteries (2)
    >Posterior cerebral arteries (2)
    >Anterior communicating artery (1)
37
Q

What’s the official name of the Circle of Willis?

A

Cerebral Arterial Circle

38
Q

Left common carotid artery
(Branches in same manner as right common
carotid artery)

A
39
Q

Left subclavian artery
(Branches in same manner as the right subclavian)

A
40
Q

What are the branches of the descending aorta artery?

A
  • Descending thoracic
    aorta artery
  • Pericardial arteries
  • Esophageal arteries
  • Intercostal arteries
  • Subcostal arteries
  • Superior phrenic
    arteries
41
Q

Trace a drop of blood from the superior vena cava to the right lung

A

Superior vena cava
Right atrium
Tricuspid valve
Right ventricle
Pulmonary semilunar valve
pulmonary trunk
right pulmonary artery
Right Lung

42
Q

Trace a drop of blood from the inferior vena cava to the bicuspid valve

A

Inferior vena cava
Right atrium
Tricuspid valve
Right ventricle
Pulmonary semilunar valve
Pulmonary trunk
Pulmonary artery
Gas exchange (a lung) [arteriole, capillaries, venule]
Pulmonary veins
Left atrium
Bicuspid valve

43
Q

Trace a drop of blood from the superior vena cava to the ascending aorta

A

Superior vena cava
Right atrium
Tricuspid valve
Right ventricle
Pulmonary semilunar valve
Pulmonary trunk
Pulmonary artery
Gas exchange (left lung)
Left pulmonary veins
Left atrium
Bicuspid valve
Left Ventricle
Aortic semilunar valve
Ascending aorta

44
Q

Trace a drop of blood from the inferior vena cava to the right carotid artery

A

Inferior vena cava
Right atrium
Tricuspid valve
Right ventricle
Pulmonary semilunar valve
Pulmonary trunk
Right pulmonary artery
Right lung (gas exchange) [arteriole, capillaries, venule]
Right pulmonary vein
Left atrium
Bicuspid valve
Left ventricle
Aortic semilunar valve
Ascending aorta
Aortic arch
Brachiocephalic artery
Right common carotid artery
Right internal carotid artery

Human Anatomy (13 decks)

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