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Human Anatomy > 06. Nervous System (Neurology) > Flashcards

06. Nervous System (Neurology) Flashcards

1
Q

What are the divisions of the brain (encephalon)?

A
  • Cerebrum
  • Cerebellum
  • Pons
  • Medulla oblongata
  • Diencephalon
  • Midbrain
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2
Q

What is the function of the medulla oblongata?

A

To control fine motor movements, posture, balance and coordination

To control voluntary movements and help with memory & speech

To store and release hormones produced by the hypothalamus

To receive and process auditory and visual information

TO CONTROL BREATHING, BLOOD PRESSURE, AND HEART RATE

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3
Q

What is this:

  • The Largest part of the brain.
  • Consists of two hemispheres.
    > Hemispheres united by three commissures.
    *Corpus callosum
    *Anterior hippocampal commissure
    *Posterior hippocampal commissure
A

Cerebrum

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4
Q

What is this:

  • Inferior‐posterior part of the brain.
  • Maintains balance.
  • Coordinates movement of muscles.
  • Coordinates eye movements.
  • Motor learning that requires practice
A

Cerebellum (little brain)

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5
Q

What brings sensory and motor information to and from the cerebellum?

A

Arbor vitae (tree of life)

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6
Q

What is the structure that connects the cerebrum of the brain to the spinal cord and cerebellum?

A

Brain stem

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7
Q

A communicating network of cavities filled with
cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)

A

Cerebral ventricles

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8
Q

The __________ produce
cerebrospinal fluid to protect and maintain the central nervous system (CNS

A

Cerebral ventricles

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9
Q

How many cerebral ventricles do we have? Where are they?

A

4

  • Two lateral ventricles
    - One in each cerebral hemisphere.
  • Third ventricle
    - Between the right and left thalamus.
  • Fourth ventricle
    - At the junction between the pons and medulla oblongata
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10
Q

Three membrane layers
that cover and protect the
brain and spinal cord

A

Meninges

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11
Q

What are the 3 parts of the meninges?

A

Dura mater
Arachnoid
Pia mater

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12
Q

The _________________ consists of the
nerves that branch out from the brain and
spinal cords.
These nerves form the communication network
between the Central Nervous System (CNS) and the body parts.

A

peripheral nervous system

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13
Q

What does the somatic nervous system entail?

A

Voluntary movement

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14
Q

What does the autonomic nervous system entail?

A
  • Involuntary (Internal organs)
  • Automatic processes
    * Digestion
    * Heartbeat
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15
Q

What is this:

  • Originate in the brain.
  • Terminate mostly in organs in the head or upper body.
  • Twelve pairs (I‐XII)
A

Cranial nerve

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16
Q

What is cranial nerve number I?

A

Olfactory

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17
Q

What does cranial nerve I deal with?

A

Smell

18
Q

What is cranial nerve number II?

A

Optic

19
Q

What does cranial nerve II deal with?

A

Visual acuity and field

20
Q

What is cranial nerve number III?

A

Oculomotor

21
Q

What does cranial nerve III deal with?

A

Eye Movement
Pupil size and reactivity
Eyelid movement

22
Q

What is cranial nerve IV?

A

Trochlear

23
Q

What does cranial nerve IV deal with?

A

Eye movement; down and laterally

24
Q

What is cranial nerve V?

A

Trigeminal

25
Q

What does cranial nerve V deal with?

A

Chewing
Facial sensation

26
Q

What is cranial nerve VI?

A

Abducens

27
Q

What does cranial nerve VI deal with?

A

Eye movement laterally

28
Q

What is cranial nerve VII?

A

Facial

29
Q

What does cranial nerve VII deal with

A

Facial expressions

30
Q

What is cranial nerve VIII?

A

Vestibulocochlear

31
Q

What does cranial nerve VIII deal with?

A

Hearing
Balance

32
Q

What is cranial nerve IX?

A

Glossopharyngeal

33
Q

What does cranial nerve IX deal with?

A

Gagging
Swallowing

34
Q

What is cranial nerve X?

A

Vagus

35
Q

What does cranial nerve X deal with?

A

Pharynx and larynx sensation and swallowing

36
Q

What is cranial nerve XI?

A

Spinal Accessory

37
Q

What does cranial nerve XI deal with?

A

Shoulder shrugging
Head rotation

38
Q

What is cranial nerve XII?

A

Hypoglossal

39
Q

What does cranial nerve XII deal with?

A

Tongue movement
Speech

40
Q

What is this:

  • Originate in the spinal cord.
  • Extend to parts of the body below the head
A

Spinal nerves

41
Q

How many pairs of spinal nerves do we have?

A

31 pairs

  • C1‐C8
  • T1‐T12
  • L1‐L5
  • S1‐S5
  • Coc1

Human Anatomy (12 decks)

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