4a. Skeletal System :( Flashcards
What is the name of the outer layer of the bone?
Periosteum
What is the inside of the bone called?
- Trabecular (pl. trabeculae)
- Bone marrow
What is the head of the long bone called?
Epiphysis
What consist largely of spongy bone (cancellous or trabecular bone)?
Epiphysis
What is the name of the shaft of a long bone?
Diaphysis
What is the region of a long bone between epiphysis and diaphysis called?
Metaphysis
What are the 5 functions of the bone?
Support
Storage of minerals and lipids
Blood cell production
Protection
Leverage
What are the 6 classifications of bones?
Sutural bones
Irregular bones
Short bones
Flat bones
Long bones
Sesamoid bones
How many bones are in the skull?
How many sections does the skull have?
22 bones
2 sections
How many bones are in the cranium?
8 bones
How many bones are in the face?
14 bones
What are the ear ossicles in the skull? (* test question)
2 Malleus
2 Incus
2 Stapes
Where is the frontal bone located?
Anterior to parietal bones
What are the surfaces of the frontal bone?
Vertical: forehead
Horizontal: Anterior portion of the crown
What parts of the frontal bone must we remember?
Frontal eminences (where forehead headache is)
Supraciliary arches (eyebrow bone)
Supraorbital margins (above eye socket opening)
Glabella (in between eyebrows)
Frontal sinuses (portion above middle of eyebrows)
What does glabella mean?
Flat, without hair
Where is the location of the Occipital bone?
Most posterior cranial bone
What parts of the occipital bone must we remember?
Foramen magnum
Occipital protuberance (2) (one on the outside; bump in the back, one on inside)
Occipital condyles (2) (towards foramen magnum)
What does condyle mean?
Doorknob
How many parietal bones do we have?
2
What is the location of the parietal bones?
Posterior to frontal bone
Anterior to occipital bone
Superior to temporal and sphenoid bones
Where are the parietal eminences located?
Anatomically in regard to the ear
True or False:
Parietal eminences are the widest part of the cranium
True
How many temporal bones do we have?
2
What bone shows the passing of time?
Temporal
Where is the location of the temporal bones?
Inferior to parietal bone
Anterior to occipital of bone
What does squamous mean?
Area that looks like scales on a fish
Where is the petrous portion located?
Temporal bone
What ear ossicles are located in the petrous portion of the temporal bones?
Malleus (2)
Incus (2)
Stapes (2)
What is the carotid canal? Where is it located?
The internal carotid artery
Located in the petrous portion of the temporal bone
What does the mastoid process look like?
The teeter where cows get milked
Where is the location of the mastoid process?
Base of the skull; below and behind the ear
What is the significance of the mastoid process?
Earlobe
Sternocleidomastoid muscle
What is the mandibular (glenoid) fossa?
Depression in the temporal bone that articulates with the condyle of the mandible
What is the scientific term for the ear hole / opening?
Eternal auditory meatus
Eternal auditory canal
What is the passageway that leads from the outside of the head to the tympanic membrane, or eardrum membrane, of each ear
External auditory meatus
Long, arched process projecting from the anterior part of the temporal squamous part
Zygomatic process
What is the bridge that connects temporal bone to zygomatic bone?
zygomatic process
“Zygomatic process of the _________ and the temporal process of the _________”
Temporal bone
Zygomatic bone
Where is the location of the zygomatic arches?
Connection of both zygomatic process of temporal bone and temporal process of zygomatic bone
What is the significance of the zygomatic arches?
Widest part of the face
True or False:
Ethmoid bone is a lateral plate
False
It’s a horizontal plate
What forms the roof of the nasal cavity?
Ethmoid bone
What closes the anterior part of the base of the cranium?
Ethmoid bone
A portion of the ethmoid bone located at the base of the skull
Cribriform plate
What does the cribriform plate support?
The olfactory bulb
What does the cribriform plate allow?
The passage of the olfactory nerves to the roof of the nasal cavity
What is the Crista galli named after?
The cresta de gallo (rooster mohawk)
A thick, midline, smooth triangular process arising from the superior surface of the ethmoid bone?
Crista galli
What does the Crista galli project into?
The anterior cranial fossa
What does the Crista galli separate?
The olfactory bulbs
A thin flattened lamina, polygonal in form
Perpendicular Plate (of the Ethmoid Bone)
What descends under the cribriform plate?
Perpendicular Plate
What does the Perpendicular Plate (of the Ethmoid Bone) assist in?
Forming the septum of the nose
Where are the Ethmoid sinuses situated?
Between orbits and nose