Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

BSMS204 Theme 2 Musculoskeletal > 8. Anatomy of the hand > Flashcards

8. Anatomy of the hand Flashcards

1
Q

Skeleton of hand

A

Carpals
Metacarpals
Phalanges

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Carpal bone arrangement

A

2 rows: distal and proximal, form carpal arch

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Carpal bones proximal row:

A 
Proximal row:
Pisiform - in FCU
Triquetral - triangle shaped
Lunate - moon shaped
Scaphoid - largest
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Carpal bones distal row

A

Trapezium - forms saddle joint for thumb
Trapezoid
Capitate - skull-looking
Hamate - looks like hammer. Has hook of hamate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Clinical aspect of carpal bones?

A

Fracture of scaphoid is common. Slow recovery, as poor blood supply to proximal part - avascular necrosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Joints of hand

A

Wrist bones - radiocarpal joints

Micarpal/intercarpal - not a lot of movement

Carpometacarpal joints

saddle joint - thumb one

interphalangeal joint - in fingers themselves, 1 in thumb, 2 in rest

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Wrist (radiocarpal joint)

A

Between radius/disc and first carpal row
Reinforced by ligaments

Ulnar and radial collateral ligaments
Ligaments on the palmar/dorsal surfaces

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Ulnar and radial collateral ligaments

A

limits abduction/adduction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Ligaments on the palmar/dorsal surfaces

A

limits extension/flexion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Radial styloid process

A

limits range of abduction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Carpometacarpal joints

A

Plane joints - Limited movement

Except for the saddle joint (between trapezium and d1)
- Enables opposition

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Movements of the thumb

A

Movements of the thumb: extension, flexion, abduction, adduction, opposition, reposition

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Metacarpophalangeal joints

A

Condylar joints
Flexion/extension
Abduction/adduction

Deep transverse metacarpal ligaments unifies metacarpals, not between digit 1 and 2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Interphalangeal joints

A

Hinge joints
Flexion/extension

Proximal interphalangeal joints (PIPs)
and
Distal interphalangeal joints (DIPs)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

palmar aponeurosis

A

Thickened deep fascia
Triangular
Continuous with palmaris longus

Clinical – Dupuytren’s contracture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Long flexor tendons to digits

A

From muscles in anterior forearm

Pass through carpal tunnel

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Flexor digitorum superficialis

A

d2-d5

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Flexor digitorum profundus

A

d2-d5

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Flexor pollicis longus

A

d1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Flexor retinaculum

A

aka transverse carpal ligament

prevents bowing of tendons

21
Q

Nerve passing through carpal tunnel

A

Median nerve

22
Q

What surrounds the tendons?

A

synovial sheaths

23
Q

Flexor tendon insertions

A

Flexor digitorum profundus To base of distal phalanx

Flexor digitorum superficialis
To base of middle phalanx

24
Q

What are vinculae?

A

Attach tendons to phalanges

25
Q

What surrounds the tendons?

A

Synovial sheath surrounded by fibrous digital sheath

Alternating fibrous annular (A1-A5 pulley’s) and cruciate ligaments

26
Q

Long extensor tendons to digits

A

From muscles in posterior forearm

D2-D5:
Extensor digitorum
Extensor indicis
Extensor digit minimi

D1:
Extensor pollicis longus
Extensor pollicis brevis
Abductor pollicis longus

27
Q

Anatomical snuffbox

A 
Anterior: abductor policis longus
Lateral: extensor policis brevis
Medial: extensor policis longus
Floor: scaphoid bone and trapezium
Passing through anatomical space: radial artery
28
Q

Extensor digitorum insertion

A

into both middle phalanx (middle band of extensor digitorum)

and distal phalanx (lateral band)

29
Q

Extensor hoods

A

Lumbricals and interossei insert into the extensor hoods

30
Q

Lumbricals

A

Link flexor to extensor tendons

  • Extend interphalangeal joints and flex MCP joints
  • Precision grip (hold pen / pinch)

Flexor digitorum profundus inserts into extensor hood

31
Q

palmar interossei

A

Interossei sit between the metacarpals

3 Palmar interossei

Metacarpals -> Extensor hoods (d2, d4 ,d5)

Palmar adduct (PAD) MCP joints
	Relative to middle finger (D3)

No palmar interossei for D1 (performed by adductor pollicis muscle) or D3

32
Q

Dorsal interossei

A

4 Dorsal interossei

Metacarpals -> Extensor hoods d2, d3 (x2) ,d4

Dorsal abduct (DAB) MCP joints
	Relative to middle finger (D3)

No dorsal interossei for D1 or D5 (performed by thenar and hypothenar muscles)

33
Q

Thenar and hypothenar muscles

A

thenar muscles - fine movements of the thumb (d1)

hypothenar muscles - fine movements of the little finger (d5)

34
Q

Thenar muscles

A

Three muscles:

  1. Opponens pollicis

(into first metacarpal)

  1. Abductor pollicis brevis
    3. Flexor pollicis brevis

(both into proximal phalanx)

35
Q

Hypothenar muscles

A

Three muscles:

  1. Opponens digiti minimi
    into fifth metacarpal
  2. Abductor digiti minimi
    3. Flexor digiti minimi

both into proximal phalanx

36
Q

Adduction of the thumb

A

Adductor pollicis
Oblique head
Base 2nd and 3rd metacarpal + carpal bones

Transverse head
3rd metacarpal

both into proximal phalanx

37
Q

What forms a complex anastamosis in the hand?

A

radial artery
ulnar artery

form complex anastomosis in hand
(So that blood can reach all parts in all hand positions)

38
Q

Where is the deep palmar arch

A

Below long flexor tendons

39
Q

What does the deep palmar arch supply?

A

D1 and 1/2 D2

40
Q

Branches of deep palmar arch

A

princeps pollicis artery to D1

Radialis indicis artery to 1/2 of D2

41
Q

Where is superficial palmar arch?

A

above long flexor tendons

42
Q

Branches of superficial palmar arch

A

3 common palmar digital arteries

proper palmer digital arteries

43
Q

What does superficial palmar arch supply?

A

1/2 D2 to D5

44
Q

Where does median nerve pass through?

A

Carpal tunnel

45
Q

Branches of median nerve

A

Recurrent branch to thenar muscles

Digital nerves to lateral 2 lumbricals and sensory d1 to 1/2 d5

46
Q

Clinical relevance of median nerve

A

Carpal tunnel syndrome

47
Q

What does the ulnar nerve supply?

A

deep branch to hypothenar muscles, interossei, medial 2 lumbricals, adductor pollicis

superficial branch to sensory 1/2 d4 and d5

48
Q

Clinical relevance of ulnar nerve

A

clawed hand

BSMS204 Theme 2 Musculoskeletal (22 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions