7th - Chapter 9 Science Test Flashcards
What is Tropisms?
growth responses of a plant to its environment. (light, gravity, touch)
What is Positive Phototropism?
the plant demonstrates when a plant’s stem and leaves turn toward the light
What is Positive Gravitropism?
a plant root’s growth response to gravity
What are Roots?
-plant organs that demonstrate positive gravitropism.
What is Negative Gravitropism?
a plant stem’s growth response to gravity.
What is Thigmotropism?
The stems of some plants have the ability to grow toward an object they touch.
What are Hormones?
small chemicals made by some plant tissues that affect how other plant structures grow.
What are the 4 types of hormones?
- Auxins
- Cytokinins
- Ethylene Gas
- Abscisic acid
Whare are Auxins?
Cause shoots and stems to grow by causing their cells to enlarge. They slow down cell division (encourages the plant to grow)
What are Cytokinins?
Opposite of Auxins
Causes cells to divide
Causes cells to enlarge and slows down cell division.
Helps plants that don’t have enough water.
(Encourages the plant to grow
What are Ethylene Gas?
Can cause fruits to ripen.
They can prevent a plant from losing too much sap.
Causes trees to close off the xylem and phloem to their leaves before they fall.
What are Abscisic acid?
plant hormone that acts as an inhibitor to other hormones. (prevents seeds from
sprouting) -Keep the plant from growing out of control.
What are day-neutral plants?
not affected by the length of day
What are Long-day plants?
plant flowers when the nights are shorter than its critical night length.
What are short-day plants?
most likely bloom when given a long amount of time in the dark or when the nights
are longer than the critical night length. Ex:Poinsettias which need at least 13 hours of darkness to
bloom.
Seedless Plants such as mosses need wet environment to reproduce because the sperm must swim to
the unmoving eggs.
What is Alternation of Generations?
The repeating life cycle of gametophyte and sporophyte stages in plants.
What are the types of Reproduction in Non-Vascular Plants?
Liverworts and Mosses:
* most often see the gametophyte stage.
* A fertilized zygote develops into the stalk and capsule of the sporophyte.
* The capsules produce spores.
What are the types of Reproduction in Seedless Vascular Plants?
Ferns-
* Most often see the sporophyte stage.
* A fertilized zygote develops into a recognizable fern.
* The sori on the underside of fronds produces spores.
What are the types of Reproduction in Gymnosperms?
Pine tree- reproduces with seeds.
Gymnosperms-
* Produce cones (which produce pollen)
* Need wind for fertilization-pollen must travel from the male cones to female cones to fertilize the eggs.
What is Reproduction in Angiosperms?
- After fertilization, ovule forms a seed and the ovary forms a fruit.
- Pollen produced in the anther of the stamen.
- Ovules contained within the ovary.
- Seed germination-has to have the right temperature, right moisture, and other conditions.
Know the male and female part of the flower
Activity Manual page 9 B (structure of flower) will help.
(You do not have to label but do have to know)
Extra Credit - Psalm 33:6
By the word of the Lord were the heavens made; and all the host of them by the breath of His mouth.
