7th - Chap.6 Science Test

Question 1

Where is bacteria found?

Answer 1

In the air, soil water, in and on the human body
ex. Digestive System

Question 2

What shape is bacteria?

Answer 2

spherical, rod shaped and spiral shaped

Question 3

Bacteria is made of what?

Answer 3

Cells

Question 4

Bacteria has ____ that produce the proteins they need to survive?

Answer 4

ribosomes

Question 5

Bacteria lacks a what?

Answer 5

nucleus

Question 6

The DNA which forms a circular chromosome is located in the what?

Answer 6

cytosol

Question 7

What makes a bacterium

Answer 7

a cell membrane
many have a cell wall
a capsule
flagella
plasmids

Question 8

What is capsule?

Answer 8

a slimy coating that covers their cell walls which prevents the bacterium from drying out

Question 9

What is a flagella?

Answer 9

what cells use to move

Question 10

What is plasmids?

Answer 10

small often circular strands of DNA that are separate from the main chromosome

Question 11

Examples of bacteria?

Answer 11

TB, strep throat, food poising

Question 12

What types are prokaryotes

Answer 12

classified in both kingdoms Archaea and Bacteria

Question 13

What is Archaea?

Answer 13

do not contain peptidoglycan in their cell walls

Question 14

What is Binary Fission?

Answer 14

normal bacteria reproduce by this process:
1. One bacterium
2. DNA replicates
3. Cell membrane pinches in
4. Two Bacteria

Question 15

What are the 3 ways to limit bacteria growth?

Answer 15

1. lack of food
2. lack of moisture
3. lack of oxygen

Question 16

What is Endospores?

Answer 16

Some conditions make it hard for bacteria to survive but they escape these conditions by forming endospores

Question 18

What are 3 beneficial roles of bacteria?

Answer 18

1. decomposing wastes
2. fixing nitrogen in the soil
3. aiding digestion

Question 19

What is the definition of bacteria?

Answer 19

found in the digestive system of ruminants to help break down cellulose.

Question 20

Bacteria helped produce what?

Answer 20

cheese, pickles, yogurt, and salami

Question 21

What is Conjugation?

Answer 21

bacteria can share plasmids with other bacteria through this process

Question 22

What is Microbiota?

Answer 22

the helpful microscopic bacterial cells that inhabit your body

Question 23

What are 4 things about a Virus?

Answer 23

1. consists of only a nucleic acid, either DNA or RNA, surrounded by a protein coat called a capsid
2. They are not cells and many scientist debate whether they are even alive.
3. They cannot reproduce on their own. They must infect a cell in another organism called a host cell. (The viral DNA forces a host’s cell own machinery to make more viruses)
4. Used in gene therapy

Question 24

What is Latent virus?

Answer 24

They can remain latent for years and become active after the body is stressed ex. cold sores

Question 25

What are 3 ways to fight a viral infection?

Answer 25

1. Regularly washing hands 2. Eating a balanced diet 3. Being vaccinated (gives your body a weakened or dead form of the virus)

Question 26

What is Gene Therapy?

Answer 26

seeks to use viruses to cure defective genes