7th Chapter 5 Life Science Test Review Flashcards
What is Original Material?
in some cases, a fossil may consist of all or part of the original organism — not a mold, a cast or mineralized remains
What is Mineralized Fossil?
If an organism is buried by wet sediment, chemicals in the water can leach into the small spaces within the organism’s tissues. Some of these chemicals can eventually harden. Slowly, the organism’s tissues are replaced by an exact copy made of stone.
What is an example of a mineralized fossil?
petrified wood
What is Trace Fossile?
A trace fossil is evidence that an organism leaves behind that is not part of the organism itself.
What are examples of trace fossils?
fossilized footprints, imprints, burrows and bite marks.
What is Evolutionists Worldview?
Based on the idea that living things are the result of entirely natural and random processes.
What is Fixity of Species?
the idea that species do not change over time.
What 2 theories influenced Darwin early on?
- The Theory of Acquired Characteristics
- Uniformitarianism
What is Acquired Characteristics?
States organisms can gain new traits and pass them on to their offspring.
What is Uniformitariansim?
suggests that all of Earth’s physical processes happen at the same rate today as they did in the past.
Darwin sailed on the what?
HMS Beagle
In Darwin’s book On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection he described the theory of?
natural selection
What are the 5 thoughts of Darwin’s Theory of Natural Selection?
- In every species more young are born than can survive.
- The individuals in a species compete for the things needed to survive, such as food, shelter and mates.
- Some individuals have traits that make them better able to compete for those things than others. Those individuals will survive and reproduce. This process is now sometimes called “the survival of the fittest”.
- Individuals that reproduce pass on their traits.
- With each new generation, the traits that better allow survival become more common.
What is Modern Synthesis?
mutations that introduce helpful traits will be passed sown as a result of natural selection.
What is Dating?
through this process scientists attempt to find the age of rocks and fossils.
What is Absolute Dating?
relies on the rates of radioactive decay of isotopes found in igneous rocks.
What is Carbon-14 dating?
this method of rock dating can be used only for “young” fossils
What is a mass extinction event?
this is the reasoning evolutionist use to explain the evidence in the fossil record that many organisms became extinct at the same time.
What is Homologous Structures?
features that are shared by distinct types of organisms.
What is Vestigial Structure?
a structure that according to evolutionary theory no longer has a function
What is Genetic Load?
the accumulated random mutations within the DNA of a population of organisms. This makes organisms less fit for survival.
What presents a problem when we try to use embryos of vertebrate animals as support for evolution?
Embryos have vastly different DNA from the moment of conception.
The Bible teaches that living things were created by God when?
a few thousand years ago.
What is Kinds of Organisms?
a distinct group of organisms that God created to reproduce.
What is The Fall?
this is when sickness and death came into the world.
Creationists view mutations as evidence of?
the increasing disorder in creation as a result of the Fall.
Theologians have tried to harmonize evolution with the Bible how?
by attempting to force fit it into the millions of years needed for evolution somewhere into the Bible’s story
What is Eugenics?
this concept leads to the belief that inferior humans should not be allowed to reproduce
What is Embryology?
This is the use of early stages of development to show supposed relationships between vetebrate animals
What is Transitional Forms?
these intermediate organisms with partially developed body parts are missing from fossil records.
What is common Ancestor?
evolutionists assume that this organism’s family tree branches into different groups of organisms
What is Fossils?
the preserved remains of plants and animals
What is Galapagos Islands?
where Darwin observed mockingbirds and finches
What is Mutations?
random changes in DNA
Homologous structures look very similar and are explained by common ancestry according to who?
evolutionists.
What are Kinds?
different groups of organisms that God created to be distinct from each other.
Extra Credit Verse: Genesis 1:27
So God created man in his own image, in the image of God created he him; male and female created he them.
