7.3 Conducting World War I Flashcards
What is conscription?
Compulsory enlistment in armed forces
At the beginning of WWI, what was the only courty that did not engage in universal conscription?
Britain
What is trench warfare?
When opposing sides dig long ditches in the ground, facing each other?
How big were the trenches in WWI?
The trenches dug for WWI stretched 100s of miles. Soldiers slept, ate, and fought in the trenches for months at a time.
What were five newer technologies used in WWI?
Poison gas
Machine guns
Submarines
Airplanes
Tanks
For those who survived poison gas attacks, the damage was often lifelong. What happened to use of poison gas in war after WWI?
It was outlawed.
What were three reasons the U.S. entered WWI on the side of The Allies in 1917?
Belief that the Allied countries were more democratic
Economic ties between the U.S. and the Allies
Resentment against Germans for sinking ships carrying U.S. civilians
What was the final straw that pushed the U.S. into war against the Central Powers?
The Zimmerman Telegram
What did the Zimmermann Telegram contain?
A promise by Germany to help Mexico reclaim land it lost to the United States if it helped the Central Alliance
What is the TOTAL WAR strategy?
All of a nation’s domestic population is commited to winning the war.
What is propaganda?
Communication meant to influence attitudes and opinions of a community around a subject.
Before WWI, what was the last time the world saw a global war?
The Seven Years War
Beyond nationalism, imperialism was a big cause of WWI. Why did Japan enter WWI on the side of the Allies?
It wanted control of German colonies in the Pacific.
What was ANZAC?
An alliance formed by Australians and New Zealanders to fight on behalf of the Allies.
Where is Gallipoli?
A peninsula in Northwest Turkey
Did the battle in Gallipoli work out for Allied forces?
Altogether, the equivalent of some 16 British, Australian, New Zealand, Indian, and French divisions took part in the campaign. British Commonwealth casualties, apart from heavy losses among old naval ships, were 213,980. The campaign was a success only insofar as it attracted large Turkish forces away from the Russians. The plan failed to produce decisive results because of poor military leadership in some cases, faulty tactics including complete lack of surprise, the inexperience of the troops, inadequate equipment, and an acute shortage of shells.
Were women allowed to FIGHT in WWI?
Most coutnries did not allow women in combat, but Russia, Romania, Serbia, and Bulgargia - all slavic countries - allowed women in combat.
What was the Paris Peace Conference?
The Paris Peace Conference was a conference that took place in 1919 that gathered world leaders in the aftermath of WWI to negotiate peace terms and treaties. The result of the conference was the Treaty of Versailles which officially ended the war between Germany and the Allies.
Who were the “Big Four” at the Paris Peace Conference?
U.S. - Woodrow Wilson
U.K. - David LLoyd George
France - Georges Glemenceau
Italy - Vittorio Orlando
Did Italy stay for the entire Paris Peace Conference?
Nope. Italy walked out of the conference ANGRY about not getting the territories it was promised for entering the war on the side of the Allies.
Why did Russia not get to go to the Paris Peace Conference?
The Communist Revolution. The Tsar was executed by Bolsheviks
Did the Allied leaders at the Paris Peace Conference see eye-to-eye?
NO. Georges Clemenceau wanted revenge for France. Woodrow Wilson wanted the principles he outlined in his Fourteen Points document.
What was League of Nations, an idea for an organization contained in Woodrow Wilson’s Fourteen Points document?
An organazation where nations of the world could meet to discuss conflicts to avoid war.
Woodrow Wilson believed the defeated Centrral Powers deserved a right to self-determination. Did France and Britain Agree?
No. The Treaty of Versailles PUNISHED Germany very harshly.
Did the United States sign the Treaty of Versailles?
No, the Senate refused to ratify the Treaty of Versailles.
Did the United States join the League of Nations?
No, the Senate voted against joining the League of Nations.
What were three big punishments of Germany contained in the Treaty of Versailles?
Billlions of dollars in reparations
Loss of colonies
Blame for the war
What was the German government that agreed to the Treaty of Versailles?
The Weimar Republic
Did the German people like the Weimar Republic?
NO. There was great resentment against the Weimar Republic for agreeing to such disfavorable terms that crippled the German economy.
What was All Quiet on the Western Front
A German novel, published in 1929, detailing a young German soldier’s terrifying experiences in trenches on western front during World War I.
