7.2 Blood Flashcards
What is plasma?
Plasma is the liquid portion of blood, an aqueous mixture of nutrients, salts, respiratory gases, and hormones, and blood proteins.
Why must oxygen be carried on the RBC?
Oxygen doesn’t really dissolve in teh sytoplasm, remember molecular oxygen is nonpolar and therefore has low solubility in aqueous environments.
Rather, it is carried on hemoglobin
Why are RBC concave?
- Shape assists in traveling through tiny capillaries
- It increases the cells surface area, which increases gas exchange.
Why don’t the RBCs consume the oxygen they carry?
they don’t have mitochondria
They rely entirely on glycolysis for ATP, with lactic acid as the main byproduct.
They also don’t have nucleus, so unable to divide.
What are the granular leukocytes?
Agranular: Monocytes, lymphocytes
Granulocytes: Neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils
What are agranulocytes?
Agranular: Monocytes, lymphocytes
Granulocytes: neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils.
What helps with the adapative immune response?
Lymphocytes
Where do lymphocytes mature (x3)?
Bone marrow- B cell
Lymph nodes- B-cells
Thymus- T-cells
What do b-lymphocytes do?
They create and secrete antibodies
What do t-lymphocytes do?
Kill virally infected cells and activate other immune cells.
What type of cell are phagocytes?
These are monocytes
They are called macrophages once they leave the blood stream and enter an organ.
CNS= phagocytes are called microglia
Skin= Langerhans cells
Bone= osteoclasts
What cell in the bone marrow releases platelets?
Megakaryocytes.
What are the two major families of antigens in RBCs?
ABO antigens and Rh Factor
What three alleles are the for the ABO blood type?
A, B, And O
A and B are codominnt
Combinations can result in 4 different kinds: A, B, AB, and O
Who is a universal recipient?
Who is a universal donor?
AB= universal recipient, because no antibodies produced
O= universal donor, because no antigen.
