6.1 Anatomy and Mechanism of Breathing Flashcards
What are the muscles of inhalation?
- external intercostal muscles
- diaphragm
What are the muscles of exhalation? (x2)
- internal intercostal muscles
- diaphragm
What is the purpose and function of surfactant
The surfactant lowers the surface tension and prevents the alveolus from collapsing on itself.
What’s the technical name for nose hairs?
vibrissae
What are the two parts of the pleura?
Visceral pleura- lines lung
Parietal pleura- closer to thorax
What is Boyle’s Law? How is this related to breathing?
Boyles Law= at a constant temperature, the pressure and volume of gases are inversely related.
in the lungs, as the chest wall expands, the pressure in the lungs drop, and pressure is pulled into the lungs.
What is the total lung capacity?
The maximum volume of air in the lungs when one inhales completely. Usually 6-7 L
What is the residulal volume?
The volume of air remaining in the lungs when one exhales completely.
What is the vital capacity?
The difference between the minimum and maximum volume of air in the lungs (TLC-RV)
If you take a big breath, the maximum amount of air that you can breathe in.
What is the tidal volume
The volume of air inhaled and exhaled in a normal breath.
What is the expiratory reserve volume?
The volume of additional air that can be forcibly exhaled after a normal exhalation.
What is the inspiratory reserve volume.
The volume of additional air that can be forcibly inhaled after a normal inhalation.
What is the inspiratory reserve volume.
The volume of additional air that can be forcibly inhaled after a normal inhalation.
What controls breathing in the central nervous system?
The medulla oblongata.
What drives respiration?
Carbon dioxide really drives this, depending on hypercarbia or hypercapnia. .
They also respond to oxygen but have to be pretty bad off
