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OMF Pathology > 7 Viral Pathology > Flashcards

7 Viral Pathology Flashcards

1
Q

In this disease, which will be the first of the three most common locations to find lesions? (they also present with flulike symptoms)

A

Oral lesions come first (diagnosis = hand foot and mouth disease)

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2
Q

Besides seeing their throat, pt presents with fever, cough, sore throat, and headache. Diagnosis?

A

Herpangina (caused by enterovirus)

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3
Q

Caused by HSV, what is this called?

A

Intraoral recurrent herpetic infection

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4
Q

Pt has sore throat, fever, and mild headache. Pt reports these nodules have been there for a few days and haven’t “popped”.

A

Acute lymphonodular pharyngitis

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5
Q

Primary herpes in older patients will present as ______________ with what symptoms?

A

Pharyngotonsillitis with sore throat, fever, and headache

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6
Q

What is your risk of getting HIV after a percutaneous exposure with HIV-contaminated blood?

A

0.3%

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7
Q

A pt comes in complaining of shivering a lot, and joint and muscle pain. You discover they have a fever and take a small bipsy from the parotid gland (for some strange reason).

A

Cytomegalovirus

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8
Q

What anatomy is infected during Mumps?

A

Most commonly the salivary gland(s)

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9
Q

Pt presents with hyperplastic pharyngeal tonsils and petechiae of the soft palate. What might they have?

A

Infectious mononucleosis

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10
Q

What causes the “kissing disease”?

A

Epstein-Barr virus

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11
Q

VZV presented in the external auditory canal is a manifestation of what?

A

Ramsay Hunt Syndrome

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12
Q

What are seven predisposing factors for reactivating VZV?

A
  1. immunosuppression (or suppressive drugs)
  2. dental manipulation
  3. radiation
  4. malignancies
  5. increasing age
  6. alcohol abuse
  7. emotional or physical stress
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13
Q

With Mumps, what are possible sequelae?

A
  1. 25% of males have postpubertal epididymorchitis
  2. 25% of 1st trimester women have spontaneous abortions
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14
Q

Recurrent herpes of the finger is called what?

A

Herpetic whitlow

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15
Q

Diagnose

A

Mumps

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16
Q

What is the most prevalent area for herpes labialis?

A

On the vermillion border and adjacent skin of lips

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17
Q

Why should a patient with mono avoid contact sports?

A

The spleen is enlarged and “peeks” out below the rib cage, making it vulnerable to be ruptured.

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18
Q

If this is HSV-1, where would it be when dormant?

A

Trigeminal ganglion

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19
Q

What is the go-to drug to treat HIV-related candidiasis?

A

Nystatin

(clotrimazole if tx is difficult)

(fluconazole if pt’s HIV is uncontrolled)

20
Q

Most HSV-1 affected individuals contract the virus in what age range?

A

6 months - 5 years

(not under 6 mo. because they’re still protected by maternal immunity)

21
Q

What is this massive necrosis of soft tissue and bone of the maxilla? (sequelae of untreated periodontitis)

A

HIV-associated necrotizing stomatitis

22
Q

If HIV-related periodontitis is left untreated, what can it develop into?

A

Necrotizing stomatitis

23
Q

What is the most common virus to cause this? (pt presents with sore throat, fever, dysphagia)

A

Coxsackievirus (diagnosis = herpangina)

24
Q

Where does VZV lay dormant until it present as secondary infection?

A

Dorsal spinal ganglia

25
Q

What are the three atypical patterns of periodontal disease seen in HIV patients?

A
  1. Linear gingival erythema
  2. Necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis
  3. Necrotizing ulcerative periodontitis
26
Q

You see this on your little patient’s hands and upon intraoral exam you find fragile vesicles and ulcerations along the buccal mucosa and tongue. Diagnosis?

A

Hand-foot-and-mouth disease

27
Q

What virus causes Measles?

A

Paramyxovirus

28
Q

What causes this presentation of widespread yellowish mucosal ulcerations?

A

HSV-1

(condition pictured is acute herpetic gingivostomatitis)

29
Q

Which virus can lay dormant in salivary glands cells, endothelium, macrophages, or lymphocytes?

A

Cytomegalovirus

30
Q

These “spots” represent what disease? (pt has coryza, cough, and conjuctivitis)

A

Measles (Rubeola)

31
Q

What are the three most commonly affected sites in Kaposi’s Sarcoma?

A
  1. Hard palate
  2. Gingiva
  3. Tongue
32
Q

What is this called?

A

herpes barbae

33
Q

What virus causes Rubella?

A

Togavirus

34
Q

Young pt presents with adenopathy and fatigue. What might they have?

A

Infectious mononucleosis

35
Q

What is this secondary infection of HSV?

A

herpes labialis

36
Q

What are the possible oral manifestations related to HIV/AIDS?

A
  1. Candidiasis
  2. Hairy leukoplakia (EBV)
  3. Kaposi’s sarcoma (HHV-8)
  4. Non-hodgkin’s lymphoma
  5. Periodontal disease
37
Q

What are three distinct histologic features of herpes simplex?

A
  1. Multinucleation
  2. Ballooning degeneration
  3. Tzanck cells
38
Q

What are the three stages of Rubeola?

A
  1. Koplik’s spots
  2. Fever and maculopapular rash forms
  3. Brown pigmentary staining replaces rash
39
Q

What HSV-1 caused disease can cause painful, enlarged, and erythematous palatal gingiva?

A

Acute herpetic gingivostomatitis

40
Q

Pt also presents with Forchheimer’s signs. What is the diagnosis?

A

Rubella

41
Q

How does VZV present orally?

A

Unilaterally on movable or bound mucosa

42
Q

Nodules found with Acute Lymphonodular Pharyngitis represent what?

A

Hyperplastic lymphoid aggregates (so they do not ulcerate)

43
Q

This secondary infection usually presents on a unilateral dermatome. What is it?

A

Shingles (secondary VZV infection)

44
Q

Most people get this between 5 and 10 years old.

A

Varicella-Zoster virus

(primary infection = chicken pox)

45
Q

What are the three stages of HIV/AIDS?

A
  1. Acute self-limiting viral syndrome
  2. Asymptomatic period
  3. Symptomatic period

OMF Pathology (21 decks)

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