12.1 Soft Tissue Tumors Flashcards
What is a malignant tumor of the connective tissue called?
Sarcoma
What is a malignant neoplasm of the epithelium called?
Carcinoma
What is the most common tumor in the oral cavity?
Fibroma
What could this be?
Fibroma
Where is the most common place to find the most common tumor of the oral cavity?
Buccal mucosa along the occlusal line (pathology = fibroma)
What is this? What causes it?
Fibroma, caused by irritation or trauma
What is a fibroma?
Reactive hyperplasia of the connective tissue due to local irritation or trauma
What are these called?
Retrocuspid papilla
How do these normally present?
Typically bilateral, and in 99% of children (regress with age)
These typically have a papillary surface and occur at a younger age than other types of fibromas. What is this?
Giant cell fibroma
Giant cell fibromas don’t typically get larger than ______mm wide.
5-6mm
What is this?
Epulis fissuratum
What causes this?
Epulis fissuratum is IFH associated with the flange of an ill-fitting denture
What is this leaf-like projection?
Inflammatory fibrous hyperplasia (IFH)
What is this called?
Epulis fissuratum
What is this?
Inflammatory papillary hyperplasia
What causes this?
Wearing a denture too long or it irritates the underlying tissue
What other pathosis should you think to look for with this patient?
Candidiasis (patient has IPH)
Inflammatory papillary hyperplasia is related to what three things?
- Ill-fitting denture
- Poor denture hygiene
- Wearing the denture for 24 hrs a day
What is the oral counterpart of a dermatofibroma?
Fibrous histiocytoma
Do older or younger patients usually present with fibrous histiocytoma?
Older (younger usually present with dermatofibroma)
Pt is older and histologically this lesion appears with a “whirly” pattern. What could this be?
Fibrous histiocytoma
What results from overproduction of hyaluronic acid by fibroblasts?
Oral focal mucinosis
Pt is a young female and test reveals a high concentration of hyaluronic acid. What is this?
oral focal mucinosis
If there is a bump on the gingiva, what four things should you automatically be thinking of?
- Pyogenic granuloma
- Peripheral giant cell granuloma
- Peripheral ossifying granuloma
- Fibroma (or IFH)
What is your differential diagnosis? (four things)
- Pyogenic granuloma
- Peripheral giant cell granuloma
- Peripheral ossifying granuloma
- Fibroma
Pt is pregnant in first trimester. What is this?
Pyogenic granuloma
Not a true granuloma but what could this be?
Pyogenic granuloma (early lesions appear red)
AKA the pregnancy tumor, what is this?
Pyogenic granuloma
Give a differential diagnosis.
- Pyogenic granuloma
- Peripheral giant cell granuloma
- Peripheral ossifying granuloma
- Fibroma
Often more blue in color than the other pathologies in the PPPF differential, what is this?
Peripheral giant cell granuloma
What granuloma can create a “cupping” area of resorption in the alveolar bone?
Peripheral giant cell granuloma
Attending wants to take a radiograph to inspect the alveolar bone. What is this?
Peripheral giant cell granuloma
Often times more white or light pink in color than the other PPPF differential pathoses, what is this?
Peripheral ossifying granuloma
What is this nodular mass originating from the papilla?
Peripheral ossifying granuloma
Give a differential diagnosis.
- Pyogenic granuloma
- Peripheral giant cell granuloma
- Peripheral ossifying granuloma
- Fibroma (or IFH)
What the name for a benign tumor of fat?
Lipoma
What is this?
Lipoma
This is the most common mesenchymal neoplasm. What is it?
Lipoma
When this is removed it floats in formalin. What is it?
Lipoma
What are the two subtypes of a neuroma?
- Traumatic neuroma
- Palisaded encapsulated neuroma (PEN)
Where is the most common place for a traumatic neuroma?
Mental foramen
Pt reports this is very painful and it first appeared after he was in a fist fight. What could this be?
Traumatic neuroma
What is a benign neural tumor typically found on the face by the nose?
Palisaded encapsulated neuroma
What is this?
Palisaded encapsulated neuroma (PEN)
Full of neurons, what two things could this possibly be?
- traumatic neuroma
- palisaded encapsulated neuroma
What are the two tissue zones of Schwannoma?
Antoni A & Antoni B
Verocay bodies are associated with what tissue zone in Schwannoma?
Antoni A
Name the tissue zone in Schwannoma featuring streaming fascicles of spindle-shaped Schwann cells which form a palisaded arrangement around central acellular, eosinophilic areas known as Verocay bodies.
Antoni A
What is the most common type of peripheral nerve neoplasm?
Neurofibroma
What are the most common sites for neurofibroma?
Tongue and buccal mucosa
What else should you test the pt for if they have neurofibroma?
Neurofibromatosis
Name four dignostic criteria for Neurofibromatosis Type I.
- Six or more café au lait macules
- Two or more NF or one plexiform NF
- Freckling in the axillary region (Crowe’s sign)
- Two or more iris hamartomas (Lisch nodules)
Multiple tumors of the trunk and arms is a manifestation of what?
neurofibromatosis type I
What are these called? What pathology are they diagnostic for?
Called Lisch nodules and are a diagnostic criteria for Neurofibromatosis Type I
What are three oral manifestations of Neurofibromatosis Type I?
- Enlargement of fungiform papilla
- Intraoral neurofibromas
- Enlargment of mandibular foramen or canal
What is axillary freckling called? What pathology can it be diagnostic for?
Called Crowe’s sign and diagnostic criteria for Neurofibromatosis type I
Bilateral neuromas of the commissural mucosa are signs of what disease?
Multiple endocrine neoplasia, type 2B
What are some signs of MEN2B?
- bilateral commissural neuromas
- marfanoid build with thin, elongated features
- upturned eyelids
- protuberant lips
- narrow face
Child also has elongated face. What condition do they have?
Multiple endocrine neooplasia, type 2B
These neuromas can be a sign for what disease that has an average age of death of 21?
Multiple endocrine neoplasia, type 2B
Protuberant lips and commissural neuromas are signs for what?
Multiple endocrine neoplasia, type 2B
