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OMF Pathology > 10 Epithelial Pathologies > Flashcards

10 Epithelial Pathologies Flashcards

1
Q

What is this?

A

acquired melanocytic nevus

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2
Q

What is this?

A

basal cell carcinoma

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3
Q

What results from UV radiation and is most common of all cancers?

A

Basal cell carcinoma

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4
Q

What is a common pathology in elderly that presents as flat tan to brown macules?

A

Seborrheic keratosis

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5
Q

What is this?

A

Amalgam tattoo (ha! and you thought it was oral melanoacanthoma)

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6
Q

What is this?

A

erythroplakia

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7
Q

What is technical term for a birth mark?

A

congenital melanocytic nevus

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8
Q

A cousin of the ephilis, what is this?

A

oral melanotic macule

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9
Q

An ephilis on the vermillion border.

A

What is a Labial melanotic macule?

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10
Q

What are risk factors for melanoma?

A
  • fair complexion
  • light hair
  • sunburns easily
  • blistering sunburns as child
  • hx of melanoma
  • hx of congenital nevus
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11
Q

What is this?

A

Seborrheic keratosis

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12
Q

What is this?

A

basal cell carcinoma

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13
Q

What could this be?

A

Heck’s disease (multifocal epithelial hyperplasia)

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14
Q

Which five types of HPV mostly cause condylomas?

A

HPV 6, 11, 16, 18, 31

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15
Q

What mostly causes oral melanoacanthoma and where is it typically found in the mouth?

A

trauma, found on buccal mucosa

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16
Q

What viruses causes Squamous papilloma?

A

HPV 6, 11

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17
Q

Give a differential diagnosis.

A
  1. Squamous papillom
  2. Veruccous vulgaris
  3. Condyloma accuminatum
  4. Verucciform xanthoma
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18
Q

Define stage 2 SCCA.

A

tumor is more than 2cm but less than 4cm across, no infected nodes or mets

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19
Q

What is this? What features might give it away?

A

Basal cell carcinoma. Rolled borders and telangiectatic blood vessels.

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20
Q

What are six etiologies of leukoplakia?

A
  1. tobacco
  2. alcohol
  3. sanguinaria
  4. UV radiation
  5. microorganisms
  6. trauma
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21
Q

Biopsy shows it’s caused by HPV 2, 4 & 40. What is this?

A

Verruca vulgaris

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22
Q

If there are scattered red patches that cannot be removed or identified, what is this termed?

A

erythroplakia

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23
Q

Sudden appearance of many seborrheic keratosis and pruritis is associated with what other finding?

A

internal malignancies (condition called Leser-Trélat sign)

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24
Q

What is this? What increases your risk for this in childhood?

A

Basal cell carcinoma. Frequent sunburns and freckles increases risk

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25
Q

What is this?

A

Actinic cheilosis

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26
Q

An oral melanotic macule looks like ________, so if you can’t confidently identify it you should biopsy the site.

A

OMM looks like early melanoma (don’t be fooled!)

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27
Q

Give a differential diagnosis.

A
  1. squamous papilloma
  2. verruca vulgaris
  3. condyloma acuminatum
  4. verruciform xanthoma
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28
Q

How do you define leukoplakia?

A

An intraoral white plaque that cannot be wiped off and cannot be identified as any well known entity.

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29
Q

These don’t get darker with sun exposure. What are they?

A

Actinic lentigo

30
Q

Define a stage 1 SCCA.

A

tumor size is 2cm or less, and there aren’t any infected lymph nodes or metasteses

31
Q

What would you ask this person?

A

Do you use smokeless tobacco?

32
Q

What type(s) of HPV cause Mulitfocal Epithelial Hyperplasia?

A

HPV 13, 32

33
Q

Doesn’t darken with sun exposure. Is there risk for malignant transformation?

A

No. Actinic lentigo has no risk of malignant transformation

34
Q

What is this?

A

(Smokeless) tobacco pouch keratosis

35
Q

Occurred after pregnancy. What is this called?

A

Melasma

36
Q

What is the real name for snuff dipper’s cancer?

A

Verrucous carcinoma

37
Q

What type(s) of HPV cause Condyloma Acuminatum?

A

Most commonly HPV 6, 11. High risk for HPV 16, 18, 31

38
Q

These get darker with sun exposure. What are they?

A

Ephilis (freckles)

39
Q

It’s black so what do you think it is?

A

Melanoma

40
Q

Define stage 3 SCCA.

A

Tumor is more than 4cm across; OR the tumor is any size and a lymph node is involved

41
Q

Mostly affecting the mandibular vestibule and gingiva. What is this?

A

Verrucous carcinoma

42
Q

If this could be wiped off, what could it be?

A
  • materia alba
  • chemical burn
  • thermal burn
  • pseudomembranous candidiasis
  • sloughing from toothpaste
43
Q

What is this?

A

nicotine stomatitis

44
Q

Similar to seborrheic keratosis, what is this?

A

Dermatosis papulosa nigra

45
Q

What is this?

A

melanoma

46
Q

What likely causes verucciform xanthoma?

A

trauma (NOT a virus)

47
Q

Not an amalgam tattoo. Where do these lesions typically occur?

A

Blue nevi typical on the palate

48
Q

What system do you use to help identify melanoma?

A

ABCDE: asymmetry, border irregularity, color variation, diameter >6mm, and evolving lesions

49
Q

Your patient is concerned about this turnign into cancer. What do you tell her?

A

Melasma has no risk of malignant transformation

50
Q

What is the diagnosis? What are the red spots?

A

Nicotine stomatitis, red spots are inflamed minor salivary glands

51
Q

What are 12 possible contributing factors to squamous cell carcinoma?

A
  1. tobacco
  2. alcohol
  3. betel quid
  4. phenolic agents
  5. radiation
  6. iron deficiency
  7. vitamin-A deficiency
  8. syphilis
  9. oncogenic viruses
  10. immunosuppression
  11. oncogenes, and tumor suppressor genes
  12. 13.
52
Q

Where are the two most common sites for squamous cell carcinoma?

A

Tongue and floor of mouth

53
Q

What causes melasma?

A

Hormonally-driven hyperpigmentation of the sun exposed areas of the face

54
Q

What is caused by HPV 13 and 32?

A

Multifocal epithelial hyperplasia (heck’s disease)

55
Q

What causes this?

A

Long-term UV exposure

56
Q

An acquired melanocytic nevus is a proliferation of cells from what?

A

The neural crest

57
Q

Cannot be wiped off. What is it?

A

leukoplakia

58
Q

This pt chews betel quid. What is this pathology?

A

oral submucous fibrosis

59
Q

How long should it take for this to resolve if habit is ceased?

A

2 weeks

60
Q

Caused by HPV 16, 18, 31. What is it?

A

condyloma accuminatum

61
Q

What are the two directional growth patterns of melanoma?

A

Radical and vertical

62
Q

What three sites are most common to find this?

A

Floor of mouth, ventral tongue, soft palate

63
Q

Define stage 4 SCCA

A

Any tumor >4cm, any tumor in a node >6cm, and mets present

64
Q

What type(s) of HPV cause Verruca Vulgaris?

A

HPV 2, 4, 6, 40

65
Q

This man cannot open his mouth any further than what is shown because his tissue isn’t elastic enough. What is his condition?

A

oral submucous fibrosis

66
Q

What is this?

A

Basal cell carcinoma

67
Q

If not melanoma, what could this be?

A

Oral melanoacanthoma

68
Q

What are some pathologies most likely to progress into verrucous carcinoma?

A
  1. Proliferative verrucous leukoplakia
  2. nicotine stomatitis
  3. erythroplakia
  4. oral submucous fibrosis
  5. erythroleukoplakia
  6. granular leukoplakia
  7. actinic cheilosis
69
Q

Pt smokes tobacco. Based on location, what do you think this is?

A

Squamous cell carcinoma (tongue is most common place to find it)

70
Q

On the hard palate. What could this be?

A

Blue nevus

(less likely an amalgam tattoo)

71
Q

Biopsy shows it’s caused by HPV 6 & 11. What is this?

A

Squamous papilloma

72
Q

What is the major causative factor for melanoma?

A

Acute UV radiation exposure

OMF Pathology (21 decks)

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