7- Ethics Pt 2 Flashcards
T or F: Researchers face great pressures and failures are common
T
T or F: We do research in university because it is central to our mission
T
Name the 3 broad obligations as a researcher:
- peer
- self
- public
fabrication, falsification, or plagiarism in proposing, performing, or reviewing research, or in reporting research results =
Research misconduct
making up data or results and recording or reporting them =
fabrication
manipulating research materials, equipments, or processes, or changing or omitting data or results such that the research is not accurately represented in the research record =
falsification
the appropriation of another person’s ideas, processes, results, or words without giving appropriate credit =
plagiarism
T or F: Research misconduct does not include honest error or differences in opinion
T
What are some reasons for research misconduct:
- career ambitions (dissertation, tenure, fame)
- ulterior motives (COI)
- financial benefits
- lack of training
- poorly managed research groups
- just a bad seed
T or F: Scientists share an obligation to act when suspected research misconduct is observed
T
T or F: Conflict of interest is not bad but must be disclosed
T
T or F: Trust is at the heart of the scientific process, but COIs compromise trust relationships
T
Conflict of interest (COI) can be (3):
- personal
- professional
- financial
Give a definition for conflict of interest:
situations in which financial or other personal considerations may compromise an investigator’s judgement in conducting or reporting research
What are some reasons why we use animals in research:
- animals have much shorter life cycles so we can ask hypotheses about life-time exposure or multi-generational
- more variables that you can control with animals
Animals are mostly used in ______________ research
fundamental
Purposes of animal use:
- fundamental research
- medical/clinical studies
- development of products/devices
- regulatory testing
- educational purposes
T or F: Most animal research is conducted primarily for the benefit of humans, not animals
T
CCAC =
Canadian Council on Animal Care
What are the 3 Rs principles
- Replacement
- Reduction
- Refinement
Use non-animal models such as microorganisms or cell culture techniques, computer simulations, or species lower on the phylogenetic scale
Replacement
Use methods aimed at reducing the numbers of animals
Reduction
Eliminate or reduce unnecessary pain and distress
Refinement
