10 - Fish Tox Nutrition Flashcards
Explain the healthy aspect of seafood:
- Beneficial omega-3 fatty acids that are important in the neurodevelopment in children
- Salmon - fatty fish - good for your health - safe to eat because doesn’t contain lots of contaminants
What is the toxic organic form of mercury?
MeHg
What are some toxins other than Mercury present in Lakes?
- PCBs
- Chlordane
- Dioxins
- DDT
- Others
What are the good aspects of fish:
- main protein source for more than 1 billion people worldwide (rely on fish as their main protein source)
- contain nutrients
- recreation, culture, economic, spiritual
What are the bad aspects of fish:
- sustainability concerns of fish
- contain toxic chemicals, like mercury
- ecosystem services (env 50% lakes/rivers affected in the US)
- 1/6 women have unsafe levels of mercury
- public health messages concerning fish consumption during pregnancy are mixed
- mercury: neurodevelopment, CVD, immune
T or F: sometimes expensive seafood is swapped for cheaper
T
Name the 2 main ways we obtain fish:
- Aquaculture
- Capture fisheries
T or F: In Minamata, a series of infants poisoned in their mother’s womb was recorded by the first investigative team from Kumamoto University. The researchers also noted that many children born from 1955 onward suffered from developmental disturbances that suggested diffuse cerebral dysfunction (congenital methylmercury poisoning)
T
T or F: methylmercury is a stable complex in the body
T
T or F: methylmercury and the amino acid methionine are both very similar in structure and the body cannot tell the difference between both
T
The methylmercury cation ________ attaches to the thiol ligand of the amino acid cysteine, to form a complex that mimics the structure of the large neutral amino acid, methionine
CH3Hg+
Explain the mechanisms behind the toxicity of mercury:
1) MeHg can cross blood brain barrier and placenta
2) Hg has high affinity for protein thiols = multiple targets
Explain the continuum of effects:
1) molecular/biochemical response
2) tissue lesions
3) behavioral changes
4) lethal effects
__________________ is not an easy undertaking or a permanent solution to the issue of contaminants in country foods and can only ever be an interim approach to protecting humans from exposure to contaminants
Risk communication
Environmental justice means that all communities are ______, _______ and ________
- clean
- livable
- sustainable
T or F: A fair treatment and meaningful involvement of all people regardless of race, color, national origin, or income with respect to the development, implementation and enforcement of environmental laws, regulations and policies
T
Name the 6 nutrients contained in fish:
- protein
- calcium
- vitamin A
- omega-3 fatty acids
- zinc
- iron
_____________ is a component of every body cell, important for growth and repairing, supporting neurological function, digestion and hormones
Protein
_____ is essential for brain development in children and increases maternal survival rates
Iron
____ is crucial for childhood survival, reduces stunting in children and fights diarrhea
zinc
_______ is crucial for brain development, cognition and immune system, reducing risk of coronary heart disease and stroke
omega-3 fa
___________ is essential for childhood survival, prevents blindness, helps fight infections and promotes healthy growth
vitamin A
________ helps prevent preeclampsia and preterm delivery delivery in women, and is essential for strong bones and teeth
calcium
