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Research Metho - Elective > 19 - Summarize and Critique > Flashcards

19 - Summarize and Critique Flashcards

1
Q

Peer review is the __________ of science

A

cornerstone

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2
Q

What are some characteristics that you need to have to be a good reviewer?

A
  • have to be an expert
  • have to be knowledgeable
  • objective
  • fair
  • responsible
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3
Q

Journals = _________ + ________

A

editors and reviewers

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4
Q

Funding agencies =

A

reviewers

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5
Q

T or F: It is really hard to have enough reviewers to review all the papers out there

A

T

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6
Q

Journal staff:

A

oversee the receipt of manuscript, communication between authors and reviewers, formatting

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7
Q

Editorial board:

A

read/review papers, select reviewers, monitor quality, recommend actions to editors

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8
Q

Editors:

A

make the final decisions

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9
Q

Reviewer:

A

provide reviews of manuscripts; make recommendations concerning publication

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10
Q

Name some attributes of a good reviewer?

A

-expert
-objective
-no conflicts of interest
-good judgment
-able to think clearly and logically
-able to write a good critique (accurate, readable, helpful to editors and authors)
-reliable in returning reviews
-able to do the reviews in the allotted time frame
(less than 4 weeks normally)

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11
Q

What are some other points to consider for a good reviewer?

A
  • under 40 (dynamic, up-to-date in their field, more apt to say yes, want to please more)
  • training in epid/stats (they have the best sense of the data/how to analyze the data, best pulse on study design)
  • quality institution (tend to attract quality professors and researchers)
  • 3hrs review time
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12
Q

Explain the peer review process:

A
  • Potential reviewer is contacted by journal
  • Given authors, title, abstract, and time frame for review
  • Reviewer will agree to review the paper (or decline)
  • Reviewer receives paper
  • Reviewer performs the review
  • Reviewer submits the review to editors
  • Editors examine reviews, obtain additional reviews if needed, and make decision
  • Decisions goes to author, with comments from reviewer
  • Reviewer thanked; may be informed of decision; may receive copy of comments sent to author
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13
Q

T or F: Some review forms such as checklists or rubrics can be super useful for peer review

A

T

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14
Q

How do you summarize an article?

A

1) What was the purpose of the study (intro) - 3 sentences
2) Study details/methods (-5 sentences) - PICO model
3) Study findings/results (less than 3 sentences / re-state the results in your own words)

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15
Q

After an objective summary you _________ the article

A

critique

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16
Q

PICO stands for:

A
  • Population or Patient
  • Intervention or exposure
  • Comparison or control
  • Outcome
17
Q

PICO is used to _______________

A

summarize papers

18
Q

P (population or patient) question example:

A
  • How do you define your population?

- Who are the relevant people, patients, participants?

19
Q

I (intervention or exposure) question example:

A

-What is the intervention or exposure of interest? (drug, food, procedure, etc)

20
Q

C (comparison or control) question example:

A
  • Who is the control population?

- What is the alternative or standard practice?

21
Q

O (outcome) question example:

A

-What is the relevant outcome?

22
Q

What do you need to look for when you’re doing a peer review?

A
  • importance of the novelty of the work
  • appropriate materials, methods and experimental model systems
  • rigor of the experimental design
  • quality of the data
  • writing quality
  • appropriate statistical analyses
  • good interpretation of the data
  • clarity, accuracy and completeness of the figures and tables
23
Q

When evaluating research you can look at:

A
  • clear and engaging writing
  • wow factor
  • truth
  • originality
  • importance
  • relevance to readers
  • usefulness to readers and, ultimately, to patients and stakeholders
24
Q

What can you use to evaluate the strength and quality of evidence:

A

the PEN evidence grading system

25
Q

What are the 5 PEN grading criteria: (ECCGA)

A
  • evidence (strong research design, sample size and clear methodology)
  • consistency (do we have some consistent results across different studies)
  • clinical impact (association between treatment and response - needs to be clinically meaningful)
  • generalizability (if you get results from a body of studies, can these be applied in your target population does it fit to everyone in your pop)
  • applicability (can it be thaught)
26
Q

Name the top 4 nutrition journals:

A

1) Annual review of nutrition
2) Advances in nutrition
3) American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
4) Nutrition reviews

27
Q

How do you calculate a journal’s impact factor for a particular year:

A

Total number of times its articles were cited during the 2 previous years // Total number of citable articles in the journal during those 2 years

Research Metho - Elective (16 decks)

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