3- Research Process Flashcards
Science provides a ___________
strategy
When you put science into practice you are following a ____________
scientific method
T or F: There’s a framework for doing science but no single method
T
T or F: We first need to understand why we are interested in dietetics and human nutrition and what sorts of question we are asking here
T
Good questions are:
1) Ones you feel passionate about answering (ie they intrigue you!)
2) Are empirical (ie you can use observations and measurements to test the question)
What are some strategies for questioning:
- Function Q hoe does smtg work?
- Structure Q the components of X?
- Self Q how it related to you?
- Dependence Q how it related to other things?
- Whole Q the item holistically or within some context?
- Abstract Q the thing in creative ways?
______________ is a good way to start framing your question
Bloom’s taxonomy
What are the 6 steps in the Bloom’s taxonomy pyramid:
- Create
- Evaluate
- Analyze
- Apply
- Understand
- Remember
Background research will:
- help us gain understanding
- ask better and more specific questions
- ultimately advance overall knowledge
What are some sources of information?
- Newspaper articles
- Websites
- Popular articles
- Government reports
- Books
- Journal articles
- Interview transcripts
What test can you do to see if the sources are reliable?
CRAAP
What does CRAAP stand for:
- current
- relevant
- accuracy
- authority
- purpose
What is the purpose of popular articles:
- entertainment
- current awareness
- research summaries
What is the purpose of scholarly articles:
- report original research
- review previously published studies
What is the audience of popular articles:
the general public
What is the audience for scholarly articles:
- students
- scholars
- researchers
Who are the authors of popular articles:
-journalists
Who are the authors of scholarly articles:
- researchers
- academics
What are some characteristics of popular articles?
- shorter articles
- contain advertisements/photos
- published daily, weekly, or monthly
- proofread/reviewed by editors
- sources often not cited, or cited with little detail
What are some characteristics of scholarly articles?
- describe research methodologies
- contain charts, graphs, tables
- published quarterly or annually
- reviewed by editorial board/peer-reviewed
- sources cited in reference lists/bibliographies
An educated guess, based on observation, about the causes or outcomes of an event (how variables are related):
hypothesis
Summarizes hypothesis (or group of hypotheses) supported with repeated tests: an accepted hypothesis; can be disproven
theory
What is the similarity between hypothesis and theory:
they can both be tested and disproven
What are some differences between hypothesis and theory?
- unsubstantiated vs substantiated
- limited data vs lots
- specific observation vs general observation
Inductive and deductive reasoning are strategies to:
generate hypotheses
Special case to general principle =
inductive reasoning
General principle to special case =
deductive reasoning
What are some strategies to generate hypotheses?
- introspection
- focus on the exception to the rule
- matter of degree (gray areas; focus on variables in terms of amounts)
- change in direction
What are some features of a good hypothesis?
- Justifiable and grounded in observations or theory
- Be testable
- Predict a relationship between 2 or more variables
- Not vague - concepts should be clearly defined and based on sound reasoning; can be operationalized
Dieting men who are participating in a formal exercise program will have greater weight loss than those who are not:
causal hypothesis
There is a positive relationship between the amount of exercise and weight loss among men who are dieting
associative hypothesis
There is no relationship between gender and knowledge of the food pyramid among teenagers
null hypothesis
Dependent variables are located on the _________
y-axis
What are examples of knowledge diffusion:
- Publishing scientific peer-reviewed articles
- Present findings in academic meetings (talks, posters)
A dynamic and iterative process that includes the synthesis, dissemination, exchange and ethically-sound application of knowledge to improve the health of a population, provide more effective health care services and products. and strengthen the health care system
Knowledge translation
