7 Flashcards
circular folds
structures in the small intestine increasing surface and slowing down the movement of chyme
releasing hormones and factors
hormones or hormone-like compounds produced by the parvocellular region of the hypothalamus (hypophysiotropic area) that facilitate adenohypophysis (anterior pituitary) hormone production and release
gonadotropins or gonadotropins
hormones that regulate reproductive functions and production of sexual hormones (e.g. FSH, LH-ICSH, prolactin).
glomerulus
the functional unit of the kidneys consisting of the Bowman-capsule and of a coiled capillary system
intrafusal fiber
modified muscle fiber in the muscle spindle
cortical nephron
the most frequent nephron type located in the cortex of the kidney with short Henle’s loop
NAD- (and NADH)
co-enzyme that binds hydrogen in the glycolysis and in the citric-acid cycle and carries it to the oxidative phosphorylation
transducin
G-protein in rods and cones, activated by the photopigment during light detection
rhodopsin
photopigment of the rods
iris
circular, pigmented membrane behind the cornea, perforated by the pupil; its contraction regulates the amount of light passing into the eye
reflux
backward flow of stomach content into the esophagus due mainly to weakness of the cardiac sphincter
pyloric sphincter
ring of muscles separating the stomach from the duodenum
adenohypophysis
the frontal, glandular portion of the hypophysis (anterior pituitary) that produces trophormones
Parkinson’s disorder
movement disorder caused by the insufficient production and release of dopamine in the neostriatum by dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta; it causes tremor and decreased initiation of movements
