14

Question 1

inhibiting hormones and factors

Answer 1

hormones produced by the parvocellular (small cell) region of the hypothalamus that regulate adenohypophysis functions

Question 2

perilymph

Answer 2

fluid in the perilymphatic space of the inner ear, produced by filtration, thus its composition is the same as that of other extracellular fluids

Question 3

menstruation

Answer 3

removal of the uterine endometrium accompanied by bleeding at the end of the menstrual cycle

Question 4

osteoblast

Answer 4

bone forming progenitor cell

Question 5

cataract

Answer 5

eye disease caused by an opacity of the lens

Question 6

Cushing’s symptoms

Answer 6

caused by high levels of cortisol in the blood frequently due to steroid medication; it leads to disproportional fat deposition on the trunk, neck and face

Question 7

GIP

Answer 7

glucose-dependent insulinotropic hormone, produced in the small intestine in response to carbohydrates, it induces insulin secretion and inhibits emptying of the stomach

Question 8

organ of Corti

Answer 8

the organ of hearing in the inner ear

Question 9

Chinese restaurant syndrome

Answer 9

temporary, inconvenient symptoms caused by overdosing the taste enhancing, but also neuroexcitatory monosodium glutamate (MSG)

Question 10

urea

Answer 10

nitrogen containing compound actively eliminated by the kidneys; the main way to eliminate excess nitrogen

Question 11

ovulation

Answer 11

ejection of the matured oocyte (ovum) from the follicle in the ovary

Question 12

GFR

Answer 12

(glomerular filtration rate) the amount of fluid filtrated per unit of time in the glomeruli of the kidneys

Question 13

zona pellucida

Answer 13

protective layer around the ovum

Question 14

parietal cells

Answer 14

HCl producing cells in the stomach

Question 15

contact receptor

Answer 15

the source of the stimulus has to be in contact with the receptor to elicit a response

Question 16

exopeptidase

Answer 16

protease that cuts amino acids from the end of peptide chains

Question 17

digastric stomach

Answer 17

stomach possessing both fermentative and digesting parts

Question 18

vestibulocerebellum (archicerebellum)

Answer 18

the most ancient part of the cerebellum (flocculonodular lobe), its input comes from the vestibular organ, and its main function is to keep posture and balance

Question 19

cornea

Answer 19

frontal, transparent part of the sclera with the highest refracting power

Question 20

gonads

Answer 20

organs producing reproductive cells (gametes) (testis, ovary)

Question 21

motoneuron pool

Answer 21

collection of motoneurons innervating muscle units in the same muscle