6 Flashcards
adrenarche
the adrenal cortex starts to produce androgen hormones at the age of 5-8, causing
catabolism
part of the intermediary metabolism, breaking down the absorbed compounds (usually for producing or storing of energy)
nephron
functional and anatomical unit of the kidneys; its parts are the glomerulus, proximal- and distal tubules, Henle’s loop and collecting duct
reabsorption
backward transport of some ultrafiltrated materials from the tubules to the blood vessels in the kidneys
conjunctiva
very sensitive epithelial membrane covering the sclera and lining the inside of the eyelids
RBF
(renal blood flow), the amount of blood flowing through the kidneys per unit of time
microsmatic
animal with inferior olfactory abilities (i.e. humans)
obligate reabsorption
the compulsory reabsorption under any circumstances of a portion of some materials (e.g. water, sodium, glucose) in the proximal tubule of the nephron
HDL
high density lipoprotein – lipoprotein in the blood containing “good” cholesterol
respiratory quotient
the carbon dioxide output divided by the oxygen uptake
segmentation in small intestine
circular muscles in the small intestine contract and relax separating the chyme into smaller pieces
juxtamedullary nephron
nephron located close to the corticomedullary border in the kidney, with long Henle’s loop descending deep in the renal medulla
lipolysis
breaking down neutral fats into fatty-acids and glycerol
reproductive cycle (or menstrual cycle)
regularly recurring changes in the sexual hormones and reproductive organs in females
hemidecussation
partial crossing of optic fibers in the chiasma opticum ensuring that information collected from the same part of the visual field by the two retinas is analyzed in the same hemisphere
