6th - SS Chapter 23 Study Guide Flashcards

1
Q

What does fallow mean?

A

Unplanted land

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2
Q

What is another name for the Black Death?

A

Bubonic Plague

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3
Q

What weapon helped the English win many important battles in the early years of the Hundred Years’ War?

A

Longbow

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4
Q

What was the language that scholars used across Europe to communicate with each other?

A

Latin

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5
Q

Scholars wishing to be trained at the highest levels would attend schools or groups of schools called?

A

Universities

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6
Q

How did the Hundred Years’ War change France and England?

A

It helped unify each nation and allowed them to develop a sense of patriotism

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7
Q

As these grew larger and more important, so did towns?

A

Trade and markets

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8
Q

How did the merchant banking work?

A

Merchants could deposit money in a bank in one city and withdraw money from a bank in a different city

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9
Q

As the desire for expensive clothes, jewelry, and weapons soon led to the need for?

A

Long-distance trading

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10
Q

The Roman Catholic Church allowed people to watch plays as long as they were based on?

A

Bible stories

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11
Q

How did medieval universities develop much like a guild did?

A

Professors and students organized to form universities

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12
Q

During the High Middle Ages, in what style were most new cathedrals built?

A

Gothic

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13
Q

Why was the income of feudal lords negatively affected by the Black Death?

A

Because so many peasants had died, manor lords were desperate for workers. Serfs’ who survived demanded wages for their work and left manors to work where wages were highest

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14
Q

Which catastrophe of the High Middle Ages took place first?

A

Famine

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15
Q

What was the most widely practiced form of Christianity in Western Europe during the Middle Ages?

A

Roman Catholicism

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16
Q

What are three characteristics of Gothic churches?

A
  1. High soaring ceilings
  2. Larger Windows
  3. Spacious and airy
17
Q

How did people living in the High Middle Ages find additional land to cultivate?

A

Clearing forests and draining marshes

18
Q

What industry thrived once farming and trade became more advanced?

A

Banking

19
Q

Why were Jews targeted during the bubonic plague?

A

Terrified people were looking for a scapegoat - someone to blame for the Black Death.

20
Q

How did manor lords react during the Black Death when the remaining serf’s asked for higher wages?

A

They tried to limit the serf’s movements and freeze the wages at pre-plague levels

21
Q

What did both members of the Franciscans and the Poor Clara’s believe in?

A

Simplicity of life and poverty

22
Q

What was an important advantage of the three-field system?

A
  1. Increased the amount of land that could be planted

2. It protected farmers from starvation if one of the crops failed.

23
Q

How did the Crusades affect medieval trade?

A

People gained a taste for Asian goods

24
Q

What group was the primary audience of the mendicant orders?

A

Ordinary people

25
Q

How were craft guilds financed?

A

Members were required to pay a fee

26
Q

What were three different guilds?

A
  1. Merchants
  2. Grocers
  3. Shoemakers
27
Q

How had the role of monasteries changed by the 1200s?

A

They played a more active role in the world. They were centers of agriculture production, were famous for their farmers methods and many were located in towns.

28
Q

What was the result of the horse-powered plow?

A

More land could be cultivated

29
Q

What group helped carry the bubonic plague from Asia to Europe?

A

Traders (and rats)

30
Q

What group helped carry the bubonic plague from Asia to Europe?

A

Traders

31
Q

Where did people look for safety during the Black Plague?

A

Fear of contact drove many to isolation