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MCAT Psy/Socio > 6B: Memory > Flashcards

6B: Memory Flashcards

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MCAT flashcards
1
Q

What is information processing model?

A

Brain=computer

Receive the input, processing, and producing output

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2
Q

What is sensory memory?

A

short-term memory that takes sensory information and holds it temporarily

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3
Q

Iconic vs echoic memory

A

image vs auditory memory

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4
Q

Partial report technique vs whole-report technique

A

uses cued recall to identify a subset of character (higher recall)
vs try to recall as much info as possible ( lower recall)

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5
Q

What is the serial position effect?

A

Recall the first ( primary effect) and the last items (recency effect) in a series the best

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6
Q

Visu-spatial sketchpad

A

Component of working memory that holds visual and spatial for brief moments

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7
Q

Phonological loop

A

Component of working memory that deals with auditory info

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8
Q

Working memory

A

temporarily holds info for processing memory

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9
Q

Episodic buffer

A

function to temporarily store and integrate info across working memory components

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10
Q

Central executive

A

oversee the working memory system, directing info to various components

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11
Q

Operational span testing

A

Maximum words recalled in the following test:

1) subjects read and verify math problem
2) read words
3) perform recall test

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12
Q

What are the two types of long-term memory?

A

Explicit and implicit

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13
Q

Explicit memory

A

memory that can be described explicitly

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14
Q

What are the two types of explicit memory?

A

Semantic and Episodic memory

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15
Q

What is Semantic memory?

A

memory of words, concepts, facts, and number

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16
Q

What is Episodic memory?

A

Memories of events of someone’s life

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17
Q

What is implicit memory?

A

Memory that is acquired and used unconsiously

18
Q

What is procedural memory?

A

the subset of implicit memories used in the performance of particular tasks unconsciously
Ex:

19
Q

Priming?

A

Exposure to one stimulus influences the response to a subsequent stimulus

20
Q

Negative vs positive priming

A

Reduce vs increase speed of processing compared to unprimed

21
Q

Encoding

A

the transfer of info from working memory to long-term memory

22
Q

Encoding specificity

A

Improvement of memory retrieval when conditions of testing are similar to conditions of encoding

23
Q

Rote rehearsal vs chunking vs mnemonic device vs

self-referencing vs spacing

A

repeat same info vs grouping info into categories vs retrieval cues vs personal experiences vs space-repetition

24
Q

Retrieval

A

the recall of learned info from memory

25
Q

2 types of recall

A

Free call vs cued recall

26
Q

State-dependent vs context-dependent of retrieval cues

A

retrieval is facilitated when one’s mental state/ physical environment during encoding and retrieval are similar

27
Q

False information

A

Recollections of events are not accurate

28
Q

Misleading information

A

Recollections of events that become less accurate due to post-event info

29
Q

Source monitoring error

A

memory is attributed to wrong source

Ex:

30
Q

Flashbulb memories

A

Memory with vivid details-snap shot

Ex: Covid-19, election

31
Q

Long-term potential and long-term depression

A

Repeated/Reduced stimulation → strengthening/weakening of synaptic connection

32
Q

Retroactive interference vs proactive

A

learning new info interfere with previously learned info

vs previously learn info interfere with new learning info

33
Q

Neurodegenerative disease: dementia

A

decline in cognitive function to the point that interfere with one’s daily life

34
Q

Korsakoff’s syndrome

A

Memory loss due to vitamin B1 deficiency

35
Q

what is the precursor of Korsakoff’s syndrome?

A

Damage to certain areas causes poor balance, abnormal eye movements, confusion, and memory loss
–> Wernicke’s encephalopathy

36
Q

Amnesia

A

Deficit in memory

37
Q

Retrograde vs anterograde

A

Inability to recall previously encoded info vs

inability to encode new memories

38
Q

Dissociate amnesia

A

Inability to recall important personal details-( post-tramatic event)

39
Q

Semantic network

A

concepts are organized as an interconnected network of ideas, connecting concepts with similar ideas

40
Q

Hierarchical semantic network

A

concepts are organized as nested folders, from high order to low order

41
Q

Cognitive economy principle

A

Brain optimizes for efficiency such that information is organized in a way to minimize cognitive load

42
Q

Spreading activation

A

Activation of one piece of memory will also cause recall of related nodes/concepts

MCAT Psy/Socio (17 decks)

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