17) Social Psychology Flashcards
Conformity
The tendency of pp to behave in line with group expectations due to “peer pressure”
Informational influence
individual conforms due to uncertainty of what to do, or believing others know what to do
Normative influence
Individual conforms to gain approval or acceptance from others
Private conforming
one changes their underlying beliefs and values to fit those the group
Public conforming
one changes their ourtward beliefs but their internal beliefs remain the same
group polarization
group decision-making results in decisions and viewpoints that are more extreme than the individual opinions
Examples: judges
groupthink
occurs when group members arrive at an incorrect/irrational decision bc harmony within the group is valued above the critical analysis of the information
bystander effect
individuals are less likely to offer help to a victim when other pp are present
Diffusion of responsibility theory
pp feel less personally responsible in the presence of others bc they assume others will take action
Deindividuation
those in the group are more likely to act inappropriately bc the crowd conceals an individual’s identity
Social facilitation
improved individual performance when working with other pp rather than alone (most application to easy tasks)
Social impairment
hindered individual performance when working with other pp rather than aline
Social loafing
Occurs when an individual expends less effort when working as a group rather than working alone
Yerkes-Dodson law
Performance is optimized with moderate levels of physiological or
mental arousal
Example: A ballet dancer performs better in front of a small audience, but gets too nervous when performing for a large audience
Hawthorne effect= observer effect
people modify their behavior due to the awareness of being observed
